Ultrasound

• What is the frequency range of ultrasound?

  Above 20,000 Hertz
• How do some animals like bats use ultrasound?

  For communication or echolocation
• How do humans produce ultrasound?

  Using electrical devices
• What happens when ultrasound hits a boundary between two mediums?

  Some waves are reflected, some transmitted
• What is the process called when only some ultrasound waves are reflected?

  Partial reflection
• How can we determine the distance to a boundary using ultrasound?

  By knowing speed and reflection time
• Why is ultrasound considered safe?

  It does not involve radiation
• What is a common use of ultrasound in medicine?

  Scanning fetuses
• How does an ultrasound device work in prenatal scanning?

  It transmits and receives sound waves
• What happens to ultrasound waves when they pass from one medium to another?

  Some waves are reflected back
• How can ultrasound be used to check product quality in industry?

  By detecting unexpected reflected waves
• What indicates a fault in an object during ultrasound testing?

  Unexpected reflected waves at a crack
• What is echo sounding also known as?

  Sonar
• How does a submarine use ultrasound to detect objects?

  By firing ultrasound pulses and measuring echoes
• If ultrasound travels at $1400 \text{ m/s}$ and takes $6 \text{ seconds}$ to return, what is the distance to the seafloor?


  $4200 \text{ meters}$
• Why do we divide the total distance by two in sonar calculations?

  To account for the return trip of the waves
• What are the main applications of ultrasound technology?

  • Prenatal scanning
  • Industrial imaging
  • Sonar for underwater detection
• What are the key processes involved in ultrasound imaging?

  1. Production of ultrasound waves
  2. Interaction with boundaries
  3. Reflection and transmission of waves
  4. Processing echoes to create images