ATP, water and inorganic ions

• Which two reactions are examples of water being a metabolite?

  Hydrolysis and condensation
• Why can water buffer changes in temperature?

  It has a relatively high specific heat capacity
• Why does water have a cooling effect with loss of water through evaporation?

  It has a relatively large latent heat of vaporisation
• Why can water columns be supported in tube-like transport cells of plants?

  Strong cohesion between water molecules
• Which ions determine pH?

  Hydrogen ions (H+) determine pH
• Which inorganic ion is found in haemoglobin?

  Iron
• Which inorganic ion is involved in the co-transport of glucose and amino acids?

  Sodium (Na+)
• Which inorganic ion is a component of DNA and RNA?

  Phosphate
• What does ATP stand for?

  Adenosine Triphosphate
• What is ATP a derivative of?

  A nucleotide
• What is an ATP molecule composed of?

  Adenosine, ribose, and three phosphate groups
• What does the hydrolysis of ATP form?

  ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate (Pi)
• Which enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of ATP?

  ATP hydrolase
• What can inorganic phosphate from the hydrolysis of ATP be used for?

  Phosphorylation of other compounds, making them more reactive
• Which type of reaction resynthesises ATP?

  Condensation between ADP and Pi
• Which enzyme catalyses the resynthesis of ATP?

  ATP synthase
• In which reactions is ATP resynthesised?

  Respiration or photosynthesis