CH301

    Cards (44)

    • What is the SI unit for time
      seconds (s)
    • What is the SI unit for length
      metres (m)
    • What is the SI unit for volume
      cm3cm^3
    • What is the SI unit for mass
      kilogram (kg)
    • What is the SI unit for temperature
      Kelvin (K)
    • How to measure time
      Analogue stopwatch, digital stopwatch
    • How to measure temperature
      Alchohol thermometer, digital thermometer
    • How to measure length
      Ruler, measuring tape
    • How to measure mass
      Beam balance, electronic balance, weighing scale
    • How to measure the volumes of liquid
      Burette, pipette, volumetric flask, measuring cylinder
    • How to measure the volume of gases
      Gas syringe
    • What is the function of a pipette
      To measure fixed volumes
    • What is the function of a volumetric flask
      To measure larger fixed volumes
    • What is the function of a measuring cylinder
      To measure a range of volumes to the nearest 0.5 cm3
    • What is the function of a burette
      To measure volumes to the nearest 0.05 cm3cm^3
    • How to measure gases
      Using the gas syringe
    • What are the methods to collect gases
      Displacement of water, upward delivery, and downward delivery
    • What gases are suitable for displacement of water
      Gases that are insoluble or slightly soluble in water. Since these gases do not dissolve in water, they would rise to the top of the gas jar and be collected there.
    • What gases are suitable for upward delivery
      Gases that are less dense than air.
    • What gases are suitable for downward delivery
      Gases that are more dense than air
    • How to know whether a gas is denser than air
      If their molecular mass is higher than air, which is 39
    • What are the three drying agents
      Concentrated sulfuric acid, quicklime (calcium oxide), and fused calcium chloride
    • Which gases are not suitable for concentrated sulfuric acid
      Gases that react with sulfuric acid
    • Which gases are not suitable for quicklime
      Gases that react with calcium oxide
    • What gases are not suitable for fused calcium chloride
      Gases that react with calcium chloride
    • What should be done before using quicklime
      Freshly heat quicklime, as calcium oxide absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from the air
    • What should be done before using fused calcium chloride
      Freshly heat the calcium chloride, as calcium chloride readily reacts with the moisture and carbon dioxide from the air
    • What are the separation techniques to separate solid-solid mixtures
      Filtration, Evaporation to dryness, Crystallization, and simple distillation
    • What are the steps to perform filtration
      1. Pour the solution into a beaker, through a filter funnel with filter paper
      2. Collect the filtrate from the beaker
      3. Collect the residue from the filter paper
    • What are the steps to perform crystallization
      1. Heat the solution until a saturated solution is formed
      2. Cool the saturated solution until crystals are formed
      3. Filter the crystals and collect them from the filter paper
      4. Wash the crystals with distilled cold water and dry the crystals with the filter paper
    • How are crystals formed
      When the liquid is heated from the solution, the volume of the solvent decreases, causing the amount of solute to dissolve in the solvent to also decrease. Hence, the solute that cannot be dissolved would form crystals
    • How do we perform simple distillation
      1. Heat the solution
      2. When the thermometer shows 100 degree celcius, the solution will start to boil
      3. Vapour will pass through the condenser
      4. The condenser cools the vapour, causing the vapour to condense into liquid, that will be collected as the distillate
    • What is the function of the condenser in a simple distillation set up
      To cool and condense the vapour so that the vapour can condense into a liquid that will be collected as the distillate
    • What is the function of boiling chips in a simple distillation set up
      To ensure smooth boiling
    • What is the function of a thermometer in a simple distillation set up
      To measure the temperature of the vapour before it passes into the condenser
    • What are the separation techniques to separate solid-solid mixtures
      Magnetic attraction, sublimation, and sieving
    • What are examples of magnetic materials
      Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Colbalt
    • What is the meaning of sublime
      The ability of a substance to change from a solid to gas directly
    • What is the difference between fractional distillation and simple distillation
      Fractional distillation separates liquids with different boiling points, while simple distillation separates liquids with similar boiling points
    • What happens during fractional distillation
      Liquids in the round bottom flask would gain heat and start to boil. The liquids with the higher boiling point with condense along the fractionating column and return to the round bottom flask, while the liquid with the lowest boiling point would reach the top of the round bottom flask and pass through the condenser, losing heat and condensing to form a liquid that will be collected as the distillate
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