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Biology paper 2
Controlling blood glucose
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Cards (17)
What hormones control blood glucose concentration?
Insulin
and
glucagon
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What does blood glucose concentration refer to?
Amount of sugar in the
bloodstream
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Why do cells need a constant supply of glucose?
For
respiration
to produce energy
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What happens if blood glucose concentration gets too high?
It can damage our
tissues
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What occurs when a person eats a large meal with carbohydrates?
Blood glucose concentration
increases
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How does the pancreas respond to high blood glucose levels?
It releases
insulin
into the bloodstream
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What is the role of insulin in blood glucose regulation?
It tells
cells
to take in
glucose
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Which cells are most important for glucose uptake?
Liver
and
muscle cells
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What is glycogen?
A long-term storage form of
glucose
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What happens to blood glucose concentration after insulin is released?
It decreases back to
normal levels
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What hormone is released when blood glucose levels are low?
Glucagon
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How does glucagon affect blood glucose levels?
It increases blood glucose
concentration
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What does glucagon do to glycogen in the liver?
It breaks it down into
glucose molecules
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What is the relationship between insulin and glucagon?
They create a
negative feedback loop
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How does the body maintain blood glucose levels?
By releasing
insulin
and
glucagon
as needed
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Why do blood glucose levels fluctuate rather than remain constant?
Due to continuous release of
hormones
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What is the process of blood glucose regulation involving insulin and glucagon?
High glucose: Insulin released
Cells take in glucose
Glucose stored as
glycogen
Low glucose: Glucagon released
Glycogen broken down to glucose
Glucose released into blood
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