Wiles' study

• What percentage of patients with depression respond fully to antidepressants?

  30%
• What is the term for patients who do not respond to antidepressants?

  Treatment resistant
• What combination therapy shows improvement for treatment-resistant patients?

  Antidepressants plus cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
• What was the aim of Wiles et al. in the CoBalT trial?

  • Test the benefit of a holistic approach
  • Compare CBT plus antidepressants to antidepressants alone
• How many patients were involved in Wiles' study?

  469 patients
• What were the two groups in Wiles' study?

  Usual care and usual care plus CBT
• What tool was used to assess improvement in depression?

  Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)
• What percentage of the usual care group showed more than a 50% reduction in symptoms after six months?

  21.6%
• What percentage of the usual care plus CBT group showed more than a 50% reduction in symptoms after six months?

  46.1%
• What was observed after 12 months for the usual care plus CBT group?

  They continued to show greater recovery levels
• What conclusion can be drawn from Wiles' study regarding CBT and antidepressants?

  CBT plus medication is more effective
• What is a weakness of using self-report methods in assessing depression?

  Participants may underestimate or overestimate feelings
• What is a real-world application of Wiles' study findings?

  • Development of a useful therapy
  • Holistic approach is more successful
  • Relatively cheap treatment option
• What is a Strength of Wiles' study regarding extraneous variables?

  Extraneous variables were controlled
• What about another strength related to random assignment?

  Groups were randomly assigned, increasing validity.
• What is a weakness of the method used?

  Use of self-report methods.
• Why is use of self-report a weakness?

  The use of self-report means that participants have to make subjective judgements about how they felt. Some may have underestimated and others overestimated how sad they feel.