5.2.2.1 Vicarious Reinforcement

• Why does similarity to the model enhance learning?

  You learn better from someone like yourself
• Why is attention important in observational learning?

  You must watch carefully to learn
• What role does model status play in vicarious reinforcement?

  Influential models increase vicarious reinforcement
• How does consistency affect vicarious reinforcement?

  Repeated rewards strengthen vicarious reinforcement
• How does the value of a reward affect behavior imitation?

  A big prize is more appealing than a small token
• What are the three types of models in vicarious reinforcement?

  • Live models: Direct observation
  • Symbolic models: Media role models
  • Referential models: Influential figures known personally
• How does observing a friend who studies lead to your own studying behavior?

  You are more likely to study more yourself
• How does a friend's study habits influence your learning?

  They are more persuasive than a celebrity's
• If a student sees a peer praised for answering questions, what might they do?

  They may participate more in class
• What is the first step in observational learning?

  Attention
• Why does a respected teacher motivate more than an unknown peer?

  Because influential models enhance vicarious reinforcement
• How does motivation influence observational learning?

  It encourages performing the behavior
• What is the role of modeling in vicarious reinforcement?

  It shows how actions lead to rewards
• What is a symbolic model in vicarious reinforcement?

  Role models in media, like actors
• What is the reproduction step in observational learning?

  Copying the observed behavior
• What increases your desire to imitate behavior in vicarious reinforcement?

  Larger rewards
• What is a referential model in vicarious reinforcement?

  Influential figures you know
• What is the definition of observational learning?

  Learning by watching others
• How does vicarious reinforcement influence behavior?

  It increases the likelihood of similar actions
• What are the four key steps of observational learning?

  1. Attention: Pay close attention to the model's actions
  2. Retention: Remember what you observed
  3. Reproduction: Copy the observed behavior
  4. Motivation: Be motivated to perform the behavior
• Why must models display consistent behavior for vicarious reinforcement to work?

  To understand the connection between actions and rewards
• What is the definition of vicarious reinforcement?

  Learning by watching others get rewarded
• What is a live model in the context of vicarious reinforcement?

  Someone you observe directly
• What are the key factors influencing vicarious reinforcement?

  • Similarity to the model
  • Model status
  • Reward value
  • Observational learning steps: attention, retention, reproduction, motivation
  • Consistency of rewards
• What is a key factor that influences vicarious reinforcement?

  Similarity to the model
• What are the key components of vicarious reinforcement?

  • Learning by observation
  • Witnessing rewards given to others
  • Increased likelihood of imitating rewarded behavior
• What are the steps involved in observational learning?

  Attention, retention, reproduction, motivation
• What must you do to copy a dance move?

  Watch, remember, practice, and want to learn
• What does the retention step in observational learning involve?

  Remembering what you observed
• What happens when you see a friend rewarded for politeness?

  You are more likely to be polite