Lower limb

• What is the name of the bony projection on the femur called?

  Greater trochanter
• What are the key anatomical features of the femur bone?

  • Head
  • Neck
  • Greater trochanter
  • Intertrochanteric line
  • Intertrochanteric crest
  • Lesser trochanter
  • Body (shaft)
• What are the main ligaments labeled in the image?

  • Iliofemoral ligament
  • Sacroiliac ligament
  • Inguinal ligament
  • Sacrotuberous ligament
  • Pubofemoral ligament
• What is the role of the fibula in the leg?

  It is the lateral bone of the leg
• How do the bones of the lower limb connect?

  Through strong joints allowing movement
• Where does the inguinal ligament run?

  Along the groin
• What do the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments connect?

  The sacrum to the ischial tuberosity and spine
• How can the anatomical features of the femur and knee be used to identify the left vs. right leg?

  • The greater trochanter is on the lateral side of the femur
  • The medial and lateral epicondyles are on the distal end of the femur
  • The patella is located on the anterior side of the knee
• What is the femur commonly known as?

  Thigh bone
• How do the tibia and fibula relate to each other?

  They stand next to each other in the lower leg
• What is the name of the ligament that connects the ilium to the femur?

  Iliofemoral ligament
• What are the key ligaments that strengthen the hip joint?

  Sacroiliac, inguinal, sacrotuberous, sacrospinous, iliofemoral, pubofemoral
• What is the name of the ligament that connects the sacrum to the ilium?

  Sacroiliac ligament
• What is the largest bone in the lower limb?

  Femur
• What are the important ligaments of the hip joint?

  • Sacroiliac ligaments: Connect back to hips
  • Iliofemoral ligament: Located in the front
  • Pubofemoral ligament: Located at the bottom
• What is the role of the iliofemoral ligament?

  To support the front of the hip joint
• What is the primary function of the hip joint?

  To allow movement and support weight
• What are the major bones of the lower limb?

  • Femur (thigh bone)
  • Tibia (shin bone)
  • Fibula (lateral bone)
  • Patella (kneecap)
• Which bone connects the leg to the foot at the ankle?

  Talus
• What is the role of the sacroiliac ligaments?

  They connect your back to your hips
• What is the name of the muscle that flexes the hip and extends the thigh?

  • Iliopsoas muscle (composed of the iliacus and psoas major muscles)
• What do blood vessels in the leg do?

  They carry food and energy to the leg
• What is the name of the joint shown in the image?

  Ankle joint
• How do the functions of the quadriceps tendon and patellar ligament differ in the knee joint?

  • The quadriceps tendon attaches the quadriceps muscle to the patella, allowing extension of the knee.
  • The patellar ligament connects the patella to the tibia, transmitting the force of the quadriceps muscle to the lower leg for knee extension.
• What is the name of the bone labeled "Fibula" in the image?

  Fibula
• If the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is damaged, how would this affect knee joint function?

  A PCL tear would lead to instability and difficulty with weight-bearing and deceleration during activities
• What is the name of the muscle that flexes the hip and extends the thigh?

  Iliopsoas muscle
• What is the name of the nerve located in the anterior part of the leg?

  Tibial nerve
• What is a sprain?

  Stretching or tearing of ligaments
• What are the main arteries in the leg?

  • Popliteal artery
  • Superior medial genicular artery
  • Superior lateral genicular artery
  • Inferior medial genicular artery
  • Inferior lateral genicular artery
  • Peroneal artery
  • Anterior tibial artery
  • Posterior tibial artery
• What do the sacroiliac ligaments connect?

  The sacrum to the ilium
• What do menisci resemble in the study material?

  Bouncy cushions
• What is the function of the patellar ligament?

  It holds the front of the knee joint
• What role do the gluteus maximus and adductor magnus play?

  They move the hip
• What are the two bones that form the leg?

  Tibia and fibula
• What is the name of the bone that connects the femur to the pelvis?

  Hip bone
• What does eversion refer to in ankle movement?

  Foot rolls outward
• How would a tear in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) affect knee joint function?

  • An ACL tear would lead to instability and reduced range of motion in the knee joint.
  • It would also increase the risk of further injury and osteoarthritis development.
• What bones make up the lower leg?

  Tibia and fibula
• What are the smaller nerves that branch from the sciatic nerve?

  Femoral nerve and common peroneal nerve