migration

• push factors

  encourage people to leave their own country such as escaping poverty, famine and war
• Pull factors

  attract people to a new country such as better opportunities for jobs and higher wages
• Immigration

  refers to movement into a society
• Emigration

  refers to movement out
• Net migration

  the difference between the numbers of immigrant and the numbers of emigrants and is expressed as a net increase or net decrease due to migration
• During the 1930's to 1945 several hundred of refugees fled to Britain from Europe to escape the Nazi occupation and prosecution
• In 1948, the British Nationality Act granted commonwealth citizens a British passport and a right to work in the UK.

  this saw an influx of white European migrants
• By 2015 around 13% of the UK population were from black or minority ethnic group
• Births from non-UK-born mothers (fertility rate 1.84) are higher than births of UK-born mothers (fertility rate 2.21 )
• Immigrants are more likely to be of working age, and this helps to lower the dependency ratio
• the longer a group is settled in the country, the closer their fertility rate comes to the national average thus reducing their overall impact on the dependency ratio
• Migrant workers often take on jobs that British workers don't want
• Migration reached its highest point in the UK between 2014 and 2015