Water Pump

• What is a water pump?

  A mechanical device that transfers water
• How does a water pump create flow?

  By creating pressure or suction
• In what systems are water pumps commonly used?

  Irrigation systems for crops
• What is a submersible pump?

  A pump operating while fully submerged
• Where is a submersible pump commonly used?

  In wells, boreholes, and drainage systems
• What powers the water pump?

  Electric motor
• What is the function of the impeller in a water pump?

  Creates centrifugal force to move water
• What does the shaft do in a water pump?

  Connects the motor to the impeller
• What is the purpose of the pump casing?

  Protects components and directs water flow
• What does the mechanical seal do?

  Prevents water from entering the motor
• What is the function of the discharge pipe?

  Carries water from the pump to the surface
• What is a relay module?

  An electrically operated switch
• How does a relay module function in a circuit?

  Controls a high-power circuit with low power
• What does the VCC pin provide in a relay module?

  Power to the circuit driving the relay
• What is the role of the GND pin in a relay module?

  Serves as the return path for the circuit
• What does the IN pin do in a relay module?

  Triggers the relay by sending a signal
• What does COM stand for in relay module pinout?

  Main power or signal controlled by the relay
• What happens when the relay is ON regarding Normally Open (NO)?

  COM connects to NO, completing the circuit
• What occurs when the relay is ON regarding Normally Closed (NC)?

  Connection between COM and NC is broken
• What hardware is required for the water pump setup?

  Arduino board, submersible pump, relay
• What is the procedure for connecting the relay to the Arduino?

  1. Connect VCC pin to 5V pin of Arduino
  2. Connect GND pin to GND pin of Arduino
  3. Connect IN pin to a digital I/O pin on Arduino
• What should you do with the jumper wire in the NC pin?

  Insert it into the relay module's NC pin
• What is the next step after inserting a jumper into the NC pin?

  Insert a jumper into the COM of the relay
• How do you connect the water pump to the relay module?

  Using alligator clips to jumper wires
• What should you do after coding is done?

  Clip the alligator clips to the battery
• What are the coding steps for integrating a water pump with a soil moisture sensor?

  1. Variable Declaration
  2. Initialization
  3. Execution