Unit II:Cell Division Study Guide (Mitosis)

Created by

Martin Ramirez

Cards (24)

the larger a cell becomes , the more demands the cell places on its DNA
the larger a cell becomes , the more trouble the cell has moving nutrients and waste across the membrane
as a cell increases in size it does not make extra copies of DNA
the cell's volume determines the rate at which food and oxygen in a cell are used up and waste products produced
to obtain a cell's ratio of surface area to volume you divide the surface area by the volume
If a cell's surface area is 6 cm^3 and its volume is 1 cm^3 , then the ratio of surface area to volume will be 6/1 or 6:1
as a cell grows in size , its volume increases much more rapidly than its surface area
the ratio decreases as the cell's volume increases more rapidly than its surface area
cell division is when the cell splits into two identical daughter cells
cell division reduces cell volume
the two main stages of cell division in eukaryotic cells are interphase and cytokinesis
when chromosomes become visible at the beginning of cell division , each chromosome consists of two identical sister chromatids
each pair of chromatids is attached at an area called the centromere
the period of growth in between cell divisions is called interphase
the cell cycle is a series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
the division of the cell nucleus during the m phase of the cell cycle is called mitosis
interphase is divided into three phases : G1 , S , G2
the G1 stage is a growth stage where the cell increases in size , rebuilds organelles , and metabolism occurs
during the synthesis stage all DNA is replicated
during G2 stage more metabolism occurs , and the cell greatly increases in size in preparation for division
the four phases of mitosis are : prophase , metaphase , anaphase , and telophase
The mitotic spindle is aggregates of protein called microtubules that assist with the splitting of DNA
cytokinesis is separation of one cell into two
in animal cells : microfilaments contract the cell at the center forming a cleavage furrow which eventually split the cell into two
the cell plate forms midway between the divided nucleus during cytokinesis in plant cells