Introduction to Physics, Physical Quantities and Units

• Physics is the study of matter and it's motion and behavior through space and time and studies related to energy and force.
• Physical quantity is a property of an object that can be measured or calculated from other measurements.
• Units are the standard used for expressing and comparing measurements.
• The SI system (Systeme International d’Unites) is the most widely accepted system of units.
• Fundamental Quantity=Mass : SI unit =


  Kilogram
• Length : SI unit = Meter
• Time : SI unit = Second
• Temperature : SI unit = Kelvin
• Electric Current : SI unit = Ampere
• Luminous Intensity : SI unit = Candela
• Amount of Substance : SI unit = Mole
• Derived Quantity=Velocity : SI unit = m/s
• Acceleration : SI unit = m/s^2
• Force : SI unit = Newton (N)
• Frequency : SI unit = Hertz
• Work done : SI unit = Joule (J)
• Power : SI unit = Watt (W)
• Mass : SI unit = Kilogram
• Prefix: tera-, symbol: T, value: 10^12
• Prefix: giga-, symbol: G, value: 10^9
• Prefix: kilo-, symbol: k, value: 10^3
• Prefix: mega-, symbol: M, value: 10^6
• Prefix: milli-, symbol: m, value: 10^-3
• Prefix: deka-, symbol: da, value: 10
• Prefix: hecto, symbol: h, value: 10^2
• Prefix: deci-, symbol: d, value: -10
• Prefix: centi-, symbol: c, value: 10^(-2)
• Prefix: milli-, symbol: m, value: 10^(-3)
• Prefix: nano, symbol: n, value: 10^(-9)
• Prefix: pico, symbol: p, value: 10^(-12)
• Scalar- quantity with magnitude only
• Vector - quantity having both magnitude and direction
• Unit - the standard by which other quantities are measured
• Base SI units - kilogram (kg), meter (m), second (s), ampere (A), kelvin (K), mole (mol), candela (cd).
• Derived SI units - newton (N), joule (J), watt (W), pascal (Pa), hertz (Hz), tesla (T), weber (Wb), volt (V), farad (F), ohm (Ω), siemens (S), coulomb (C), lux (Lx), lumen (lm), bel (B), decibel (dB).
• Prefix: micro-, symbol: μ, value: 10^(-6)