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GCSE Biology
Paper 2
inheritance, variation and evolution
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Created by
Daisy McMullen
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Cards (30)
What is the topic of the video?
Inheritance
,
variation
, and
evolution
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What is the structure of DNA?
DNA has a
double helix
structure
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What do the multicolored lines in DNA represent?
Base pairs
that make up
genetic code
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What is a gene?
A tiny section of a
chromosome
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What is a genome?
The entire set of
genetic
material
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How does genetic material vary among organisms?
Everyone has different
DNA
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What are the two types of reproduction?
Sexual
and
asexual
reproduction
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What is sexual reproduction?
Involves two parents and produces
gametes
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What is a key characteristic of asexual reproduction?
Produces identical offspring via
mitosis
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What is meiosis?
A type of
cell division
that produces
gametes
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What happens to chromosomes during meiosis?
They
duplicate
and then divide into
gametes
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What is a Punnett square used for?
To predict
offspring
genetic traits
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What is the probability of having a male or female offspring?
50%
chance for each gender
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What do the letters XY and XX represent?
Male and female
chromosomes
, respectively
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What is genetic variation?
Differences in
genes
and
alleles
among organisms
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What can cause genetic variation?
Mutations
and
environmental factors
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What are two common genetic disorders?
Polydactyly
and
cystic fibrosis
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What is environmental variation?
Changes caused by factors other than
genes
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How can identical twins show environmental variation?
Different
diets
and lifestyles affect growth
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What is speciation?
When a
species
evolves into a new species
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What is extinction?
When a
species
is wiped out completely
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What factors can cause extinction?
Environmental changes
,
predators
, and competition
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What is Darwin's theory of natural selection?
Survival of the fittest
through
natural variation
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How does natural selection affect giraffes?
Longer
necks
help them reach
food
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What is an advantageous allele?
Allele that provides a
survival advantage
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What are the three domains of life in classification?
Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya
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What are the seven levels of classification?
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
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What is a mnemonic for remembering the classification levels?
Kevin's poor cow only feels good sometimes
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What is the final topic mentioned in the video?
Ecology
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What should viewers do at the end of the video?
Like and subscribe for more
content
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