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Biology
CB3
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Variation
is the difference in
characteristics
between organisms.
Continuous
data can be any value in a range.
Discontinuous
data can only be a limited set of values.
Genetic
variation is a result of different genes.
Environmental
variation is a result of the environment.
Chromosomes
are structures found in the
nucleus
of a cell which contains a long
DNA
molecule packed with protein.
Genes
are sections of DNA that control a particular characteristic.
Alleles
are the particular form of a
gene.
A
dominant
allele can
hide
the effect of another allele.
A
recessive
allele does not show unless the
dominant
allele is absent.
Homozygous
means having two
identical
alleles of a particular gene.
Heterozygous
means having
different
alleles of a particular gene.
Genotype
is the pair of
alleles
for a particular gene that a person has inherited.
Phenotype
is the
physical
appearance or form of a characteristic.
A
gamete
is a
haploid
cell produced by
meiosis
used for sexual reproduction.
A
zygote
is a fertilised
egg
cell.
A
genome
is all the
DNA
in an organism.
Each cell contains a copy of the
genome.
The
complementary
base pair to guanine is
cytosine.
The
complementary
base pair to cytosine is
guanine.
The
complementary
base pair to thymine is
adenine.
The
complementary
base pair to adenine is
thymine.
Hydrogen
bonding occurs between the bases.
The backbone of the DNA structure is made from
phosphate
and
sugar.
A
haploid
cell contains a single set of chromosomes.
A
diploid
cell contains two sets of chromosomes.
Meiosis occurs in the
ovaries
and the
testes.