Darwinian

• N. Wilson, Caliban: The Missing Link (1873) - “pre-Darwinian realization of the intermediate link between brute and man”
• In Thompson's Trinculo's Trip to the Jubilee, second edition (London, 1770), Trinculo's song include the lines 'There was Caliban too, a most monstrous ape
• Love - "a born devil ... nurture cannot stick"
• Griffiths - "caliban is lost without civilising influence"
• 1870 - F.R Benson - studied apes in a zoo for practice as Caliban
• Newyork Festival - Caliban with scales
• darwin - Descent of Man - "moral disposition...and intellect"