the Weimar Republic

• What years did the Weimar Republic face challenges to its authority?

  1919 to 1924
• What period did the Weimar Republic experience recovery?

  1924 to 1929
• Why was the Weimar Republic established?

  Due to the legacy of the First World War
• What event led to the revolution in Germany in 1918?

  Defeat in the First World War
• When did the First World War start?

  1914
• What was the impact of the British naval blockade on Germany?

  It caused food shortages for the German people
• Who led the new government formed in October 1918?

  Prince Max of Baden
• What did President Wilson refuse to do regarding peace terms?

  Discuss peace while Kaiser Wilhelm was in control
• What significant event occurred on 9 November 1918?

  Kaiser Wilhelm's abdication was announced
• Who became Chancellor after the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm?

  Chancellor Ebert
• When was the new democratic constitution for Germany drawn up?

  January 1919
• What was one strength of the Weimar Constitution?

  It established advanced democracy with voting rights
• What age could men and women vote in the Weimar Republic?

  20 years old
• How often were members of the Reichstag elected?

  Every four years
• What was a weakness of the Weimar Constitution regarding Article 48?

  It gave the President too much power
• What was the effect of proportional representation in the Reichstag?

  It led to many small parties gaining seats
• Who were the army generals and judges loyal to?

  The Kaiser
• What does the term 'armistice' refer to?

  The agreement to end hostilities in war
• What is a coalition government?

  Two or more parties forming a government
• What does proportional representation determine?

  The number of seats based on votes won
• What was the Treaty of Versailles?

  The peace treaty ending the First World War
• Who were the Spartacists?

  A Communist group wanting a Communist state
• What did the Spartacists do in January 1919?

  Staged an uprising in Berlin
• Who led the Spartacist uprising?

  Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht
• What was the outcome of the Spartacist uprising?

  The uprising was crushed, leaders killed
• What was the Kapp Putsch?

  A right-wing attempt to take power
• What did the Freikorps oppose?

  The Treaty of Versailles
• What happened in January 1923 regarding reparations?

  The German government could not pay
• What was the French response to Germany's failure to pay reparations?

  They marched into the Ruhr industrial area
• What was the German workers' response to the French occupation of the Ruhr?

  They chose passive resistance and went on strike
• What was the consequence of printing more money in Germany?

  It led to hyperinflation
• By November 1923, how much was $1 worth in German marks?

  4,200,000,000 marks
• Who were the losers of hyperinflation in Germany?

  Old-age pensions became worthless
• What was the impact of hyperinflation on people's savings?

  People's savings lost all value
• What is hyperinflation?

  Extremely high inflation making money worthless
• What was the Dawes Plan?

  It reorganised Germany's reparation payments
• What was the purpose of the Rentenmark?

  To stabilise the currency and restore confidence
• When was the Young Plan negotiated?

  1929
• What did the Young Plan do to reparations?

  Reduced the figure from £6 billion to £1.85 billion
• What was the Locarno Pact?

  Agreement to keep existing borders