cognitive: explaining depression

• faulty information processing

  Ignoring the positives of a situation
• negative self schemas

  patients may have a negative self schema so interpret all information about themselves in a negative way.They have developed a negative schema during childhood.These lead to systematic cognitive biases in thinking.
• negative triad

  It is a pessimistic and irrational view of three key elements in a person’s belief system.

  -negative view of the world 

  -negative view of the future which reduces any hopefulness and enhances depression

  -negative view of the self which enhance depression due to low self esteem
• ellis' ABC model

  Ellis used the ABC model to explain how irrational thoughts affect our behaviour and emotional state.

  A-activating event He believed that negative events trigger irrational beliefs

  B-beliefs 

  C-consequences Irrational beliefs lead to unhealthy emotions such as depression
• musturbatory thinking

  The source of irrational beliefs lies in musturbatory thinking which is thinking that certain ideas or assumptions must be true in order for an individual to be happy.An individual who holds such assumptions is bound to be disappointed and thus depressed.