ANCIENT EGYPT

• Ancient refers to a time long ago in history, typically before the Middle Ages.
• Irrigation is the artificial watering of land to assist in the production of crops.
• Canals are man-made waterways used for transportation or irrigation.
• A shadoof is a simple machine used for lifting water from a lower level to a higher level, commonly used in irrigation.
• The pharaoh was the ruler of ancient Egypt, often seen as a god-king with absolute power.
• Hieroglyphics are a system of writing in ancient Egypt that used pictorial symbols to represent words and sounds.
• Pyramids are massive stone structures built as tombs for pharaohs and other important individuals.
• Hieratic is a cursive form of Egyptian writing used for everyday documents.
• Mummification is the preservation of a body, often through a complex process, for the afterlife.
• Dynasties are a series of rulers from the same family or lineage.
• Papyrus is a type of paper made from reeds, commonly used for writing in ancient Egypt.
• Polytheism is the belief in and worship of multiple gods or deities.
• Nomadic refers to a way of life where people move from place to place, often following herds of animals.
• Sedentary communities are settled societies where people live in one place for an extended period.
• Civilization refers to a complex society with advanced culture, technology, and government.
• A kingdom is a form of government led by a monarch, such as a king or queen.
• Conquest is the act of forcibly taking control of another territory or people.
• Pharaohs were believed to be gods on earth.
• The pharaoh was the head of government, religion, and military.
• The pharaoh was considered the link between humans and the gods.
• The pharaoh appointed priests who served as religious leaders and advisors.