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Psychology
Research Methods
Sampling Methods
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Lyla E
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Cards (10)
Systematic Sample
Using a predetermined system with a
target population
Every
10th
person
Systematic sampling +/-
+
unbiased
as
participants
are selected using an
objective
system
-time consuming for
large
population
-if the sample is to
small
it could be biased
Self selected / Volunteer sample
individuals who have chosen to take part
respond to an
advert
Self selected / Volunteer sample +/-
+convenient and ethical as leads to
informed consent
+access to a wide range of participants so more
representative
-
unrepresentative
as it can be bias (day time advert)
-will be bias as participants are more likely to be motivated
Random Sampling
Every member of the
target population
has a chance of being selected
Random Sampling +/-
+large
sample
so provided the best chance of an unrepresented and unbiased sample
+all members in the
target population
have an
equal chance
Stratified and Quota sampling
Dividing the target population into important
subcategories
Selecting members in
proportion
in which they occur in society
Stratified and Quota sampling +/-
+deliberate effort to make sample
representative
+more representative than opportunity
-not completely
random
-not everyone has an
equal
chance of being picked
-time
consuming
Opportunity sample
Selecting those who are
available
at the time
Going up to people in a
cafe
Opportunity sample +/-
+quick,
convenient
and economical
+most common type used
-
unrepresentative
and samples are often
bias
-only selects a small part of the
population
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