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Cell division and mitosis
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What are the two main purposes of cell division?
Growth
and
repair
In what way does cell division aid in repair?
It creates new cells to replace
damaged
ones
What is the fifth and final stage of mitosis called?
Telophase
What is the main event in Metaphase?
Chromosomes
align in the center
What is the outcome of Telophase?
Two new
cells
form
What are somatic cells?
All cells except
reproductive
cells
What are the phases of cell division?
Interphase
: cell prepares to divide
Prophase
: chromosomes condense and become visible
Metaphase
: chromosomes align in the center
Anaphase
: chromosomes separate
Telophase
: two new cells form
What are the main phases of mitosis?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
What is the outcome of mitosis in terms of cell identity?
All
cells
are
identical
to the
original
How does the process of mitosis differ from meiosis?
Mitosis produces two genetically identical
daughter cells
Meiosis produces four genetically distinct daughter cells
Mitosis has one cell division, meiosis has two cell divisions
Mitosis maintains the original
chromosome number
, meiosis reduces it by half
What is the purpose of meiosis?
Sexual reproduction
What is the purpose of mitosis, and how does it contribute to growth and repair in multicellular organisms?
Purpose of mitosis is to produce two
genetically
identical
daughter cells
Allows for growth of multicellular organisms by increasing cell number
Enables repair of damaged or worn out cells by replacing them
Crucial for development, tissue renewal, and maintenance of
homeostasis
In which type of cells does meiosis occur?
Germ cells
Why is consistency in tissues and organs important?
It ensures
proper function
and structure
What happens to chromosomes during mitosis?
They
duplicate
and split
What type of cells does meiosis produce?
Diverse cells for
reproduction
What is the significance of mitosis in multicellular organisms?
It allows
growth
and tissue repair
What are the vital processes served by cell division?
Growth: Increases the number of cells
Repair: Replaces
damaged
cells
What are the two types of cell division discussed?
Mitosis
and
meiosis
What are the key differences between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis has 4 stages, meiosis has 8 stages
Mitosis occurs in
somatic cells
, meiosis occurs in
germ cells
Mitosis is for
cellular proliferation
, meiosis is for
sexual reproduction
Mitosis produces 2
diploid
daughter cells
, meiosis produces 4
haploid
daughter cells
Chromosome
number remains the same in mitosis, but is halved in each daughter cell in meiosis
Genetic variation
doesn't change in mitosis, but increases in meiosis
What is the fifth and final stage of mitosis called?
Telophase
What is the primary function of mitosis?
To produce
new cells
What is cell division?
When a
cell
splits
into
two
new
cells
What occurs during Prophase?
Chromosomes
condense and become visible
What are the key events that occur during each stage of mitosis?
Interphase
: Cell grows and DNA replicates
Prophase
: Chromosomes condense, nuclear envelope breaks down
Metaphase
: Chromosomes align at the equator of the cell
Anaphase
: Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles
Telophase
: Nuclear envelope reforms, chromosomes decondense
What is the third stage of mitosis called?
Metaphase
What is the second stage of mitosis called?
Prophase
Why is cell division crucial for the body?
It ensures enough cells replace old or
damaged
ones
If a parent cell undergoes mitosis, how many daughter cells are produced?
Two
daughter cells
In which type of cells does mitosis occur?
Somatic cells
How many stages are there in total in the process of meiosis?
8
How does the appearance of the cell change during the different stages of mitosis?
Interphase: Cell appears normal, with a clear nucleus
Prophase:
Chromosomes
become visible, nuclear envelope breaks down
Metaphase: Chromosomes align at the cell
equator
Anaphase
: Chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles
Telophase
: Nuclear envelope reforms, cell begins to divide
How does cell division contribute to growth?
It increases the number of cells in the
body
How many daughter cells are produced by mitosis?
2
identical daughter cells
What is the third stage of mitosis called?
Metaphase
What is the purpose of mitosis?
Cellular proliferation
What is the result of telophase?
Two identical
daughter cells
are formed
How does genetic variation differ between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis produces
identical
cells, meiosis produces
different
cells
How does the appearance of the cell change during the different stages of mitosis?
Interphase: Cell appears normal, with a clear nucleus
Prophase:
Chromosomes
become visible, nuclear envelope breaks down
Metaphase: Chromosomes align at the cell
equator
Anaphase
: Chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles
Telophase: Nuclear envelope reforms, cell begins to divide
What are the five phases of mitosis in order?
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
See all 78 cards
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