Cards (39)

  • What are the main topics discussed in the video?
    DNA, chromosomes, genes, and genomes
  • What does DNA stand for?
    Deoxyribonucleic acid
  • What is DNA made of?
    It is a polymer of similar units
  • How many strands does DNA have?
    Two strands
  • What shape does DNA form?
    A double helix
  • If you unraveled DNA from a single cell, how long would it be?
    Over two meters long
  • How is DNA organized in a cell?
    Separated into 46 different sections
  • What do we call the tightly coiled sections of DNA?
    Chromosomes
  • How many chromosomes does each human cell have?
    46 chromosomes
  • How many different types of chromosomes are there?
    23 different types
  • What is unique about the 23rd pair of chromosomes?
    They are the sex chromosomes
  • What chromosomes do women have?
    Two X chromosomes
  • What chromosomes do men have?
    One X and one Y chromosome
  • When do chromosomes appear in an X shape?
    Just before cell division
  • What is a gene?
    A small section of DNA coding for protein
  • What does a gene code for?
    A particular sequence of amino acids
  • How many different types of amino acids are there?
    20 different types
  • How does DNA influence cell type?
    It determines which proteins are produced
  • What protein do red blood cells need?
    Hemoglobin
  • What is a genome?
    The entire set of genetic material
  • How does an individual's genome compare to others?
    It differs from strangers but is similar to parents
  • What can scientists do with the complete human genome?
    Identify genes linked to diseases
  • What is an inherited disease?
    A disease caused by inherited genes
  • How can genes affect disease risk?
    They can increase the risk of certain diseases
  • What can doctors do by looking at genes?
    Choose more effective treatments
  • How can genomes help trace human migrations?
    By showing genetic differences between populations
  • What is the next topic to be discussed in the following video?
    Alleles, genotypes, and phenotypes
  • What is the focus of today's video?
    Different genetic terms related to DNA
  • What is an allele?
    A different version of the same gene
  • What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?
    Dominant alleles are expressed over recessive ones
  • What does homozygous mean?
    Having two identical alleles for a gene
  • What does heterozygous mean?
    Having two different alleles for a gene
  • What is a genotype?
    The entire collection of alleles an organism has
  • What is a phenotype?
    The characteristics derived from an organism's genotype
  • If a mouse is heterozygous for fur color with one allele for purple and one for green, what color will it be if purple is dominant?
    It will be purple
  • How does a homozygous recessive mouse differ from a heterozygous mouse in terms of fur color?
    A homozygous recessive mouse is green
  • What must be true for a mouse to have a green fur color?
    It must be homozygous recessive for green fur
  • Why do heterozygous and homozygous dominant mice have the same phenotype?
    Both express the dominant purple color
  • What will the next video cover?
    Genetic diagrams