dealing with offending behaviour

• What are the four ways of dealing with offending behavior discussed?

  Custodial sentencing, behavior modification, anger management, restorative justice
• What is the primary purpose of custodial sentences?

  To punish and deter criminal behavior
• How might custodial sentences protect society?

  By preventing criminals from reoffending
• What is one psychological effect of being in prison?

  High levels of self-harm and suicide
• What does institutionalization refer to in a prison context?

  Adopting the rules of the institution
• What is de-individuation in a prison setting?

  Loss of individual identity among prisoners
• What does recidivism mean?

  Reoffending after being released
• What percentage of ex-inmates reoffend according to the Ministry of Justice study?

  77 percent
• How do short custodial sentences compare to longer ones in terms of reoffending rates?

  Short sentences have higher reoffending rates
• What is a potential negative effect of custodial sentences according to differential association theory?

  Reinforcing pro-criminal attitudes among inmates
• What is the annual cost of locking up a single prisoner in 2020?

  £42,000
• Why might custodial sentences be politically popular?

  They are seen as suitable punishment
• What is the basis of behavior modification in dealing with offending behavior?

  Learning through interaction with the environment
• How does a token economy system work in prisons?

  Prisoners earn tokens for positive behavior
• What is the role of punishment in behavior modification?

  To discourage bad behavior through negative reinforcement
• What did Hobbs and Hull find about token economies in their study?

  Significant improvement in offenders' behavior
• What is a limitation of token economies after release from prison?

  They lack a reward system outside prison
• What is the focus of anger management programs?

  Controlling thoughts and emotions to reduce violence
• What are the three stages of anger management programs?

  Cognitive preparation, skills acquisition, application practice
• What did Ireland's study on anger management reveal?

  48 percent of participants showed improvement
• What is a potential issue with self-report measures in studies?

  Social desirability bias may affect results
• What is the aim of restorative justice?

  To help offenders understand the harm caused
• What are some forms of reparation in restorative justice?

  Cash payments or community service
• What were the findings of the Ministry of Justice on restorative justice schemes?

  14% reduction in reoffending among participants
• What is a limitation of restorative justice programs?

  Depends on willingness of offender and victim
• What is a potential criticism of therapeutic programs in prison?

  Seen as a soft option by the public
• What is suggested as a more effective approach to dealing with offending behavior?

  A holistic combined approach using multiple techniques
• What is the main focus of prison policy according to the video?

  Public opinion rather than psychological effectiveness
• What is the purpose of the forensic exam question mentioned in the video?

  To assess understanding of dealing with offending behavior
• What resources are available for patrons on psychoboost.com?

  Tutorial videos, printable posters, quizzes
• What is the benefit of subscribing to the channel mentioned in the video?

  To receive updates on new forensic videos