definitions of abnormality

• What does the prefix "psycho" mean in psychopathology?

  The mind
• What does "pathology" refer to in psychopathology?

  The study of disease
• What mental health conditions are covered in the psychopathology video series?

  • OCD
  • Depression
  • Phobias
• Which psychological approach is applied to phobias?

  The behaviorist approach
• Which psychological approach is applied to depression?

  The cognitive approach
• Which psychological approach is applied to OCD?

  The biological approach
• What is the challenge in defining someone as mentally abnormal?

  • No clear definition exists
  • Must include and exclude certain individuals
• What are the four competing definitions of abnormality discussed?

  1. Statistical infrequency
  2. Failure to function adequately
  3. Deviation from social norms
  4. Deviation from ideal mental health
• What does the statistical infrequency definition state?

  Rare mental conditions indicate abnormality
• How is statistical infrequency measured?

  Using population statistics
• What is the average IQ score according to the statistical infrequency definition?

  100
• How many standard deviations away from the average IQ is considered abnormal?

  Two standard deviations
• What percentage of the population falls into the low intelligence bracket?

  Just over two percent
• What is a positive evaluation of statistical infrequency?

  Objective measurement of low IQ
• What is a criticism of statistical infrequency regarding the cutoff point?

  It is a subjective decision
• Why might high intelligence be a criticism of statistical infrequency?

  It includes high intelligence as abnormal
• What is a limitation of statistical infrequency regarding common mental health conditions?

  It doesn't match high incidence disorders
• What does the failure to function adequately definition consider?

  • Individual's ability to cope
  • Interaction with the world
  • Meeting daily challenges
• What are the features of failure to function according to Rosenhan and Seligman?

  Maladaptive behavior, personal anguish, observer discomfort
• What is maladaptive behavior?

  Behaviors against long-term interests
• What does personal anguish refer to in failure to function?

  Distress from inability to cope
• What is observer discomfort?

  Behaviour causing distress to others
• What does rationality refer to in failure to function?

  Understanding motivation behind behavior
• What is unconventionality in the context of failure to function?

  Behavior against societal expectations
• What is a criticism of the failure to function definition?

  Subjective observer opinions on coping
• Why might psychopaths be excluded from the failure to function definition?

  They can function successfully in society
• What is a criticism regarding maladaptive behavior?

  Not all maladaptive behavior indicates illness
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the failure to function definition?

  Strengths:

  • Respects individual experiences

  Weaknesses:

  • Subjective observer opinions
  • Excludes some abnormal individuals
• What is deviation from social norms?

  • Unwritten expectations of behavior
  • Varies by culture and time
• How can social norms vary?

  By culture and context
• What is a positive aspect of deviation from social norms?

  Respects cultural differences
• What is a criticism of deviation from social norms?

  Difficulty applying across cultures
• What is category failure in the context of deviation from social norms?

  Applying Western definitions to other cultures
• How might hallucinations be viewed differently in cultures?

  As normal religious experiences
• What does deviation from ideal mental health focus on?

  • Improvement and personal growth
  • Identifies features of ideal mental health
• What are the six features of ideal mental health according to Jahoda?

  Environmental mastery, autonomy, resistance to stress
• What does environmental mastery refer to?

  Ability to adapt and thrive
• What does autonomy refer to in ideal mental health?

  Acting independently and trusting oneself
• What does resistance to stress mean?

  Internal strength to cope with anxiety
• What is self-actualization?

  Reaching one's potential through growth