CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS & ALKANES

• CRUDE OIL:

  • FINITE resource
  • Found in ROCKS
  • Formed over MILLIONS of YEARS
  • Formed from PLANKTON- buried in MUD
  • MIXTURE of HYDROCARBONS
• WHAT IS A HYDROCARBON?

  • Atoms that ONLY contain HYDROGEN and CARBON
• ALKANES:

  • SATURATED molecules (CARBON and HYDROGEN are fully COVALENTLY bonded)
  • Only have SINGLE bonds
• WHAT IS THE GENERAL FORMULA FOR ALKANES?

  CnH2n+2
• HOMOLOGOUS SERIES:

  • Group of ORGANIC compounds
  • Have SIMILAR chemical PROPERTIES (react SIMILARLY)
  • Same FUNCTIONAL group
• HOW WAS CRUDE OIL FORMED:

  1. Crude oil- formed from the REMAINS of dead plants and animals e.g. PLANKTON
  2. Organic remains - covered by MUD and sand & BURIED in the earth.
  3. Over MILLIONS of years- organic remains were COMPRESSED under a lot of HEAT and PRESSURE
  4. The HEAT and PRESSURE chemically CHANGED the organic remains into crude oil