enzymes

    Cards (16)

    • What do enzymes do in chemical reactions?
      They catalyse (speed up) chemical reactions
    • What is the role of the active site in enzymes?
      It is where the substrate attaches
    • How does the substrate interact with the enzyme?
      The substrate fits perfectly into the active site
    • What happens to the substrate after it binds to the enzyme?
      The enzyme breaks down the substrate into products
    • What does the lock and key theory describe?
      Enzymes are specific and fit perfectly with substrates
    • What type of enzymes break down proteins?
      Proteases
    • What are proteins made of?
      Long chains of amino acids
    • What is starch composed of?
      A chain of glucose molecules
    • Which enzyme breaks down starch?
      Amylase
    • Where is amylase found?
      In saliva and pancreatic fluid
    • What does a lipid molecule consist of?
      1 glycerol molecule and 3 fatty acid molecules
    • Which enzyme digests lipid molecules?
      Lipase
    • Where is lipase found?
      In pancreatic fluid and small intestine
    • what's the effect of temperature on enzymes
      increase the temperature, the enzyme activity increases because the enzyme and substrate are moving faster so more collisions per second.
      if the temperature increases past the optimum then it rapidly decreases to 0 as high temperatures the enzyme molecule vibrates and the active site changes shape becoming denatured
    • what's the effect of pH on enzymes
      enzymes have different pH and all have an optimum temperature they work at. If we make the pH more acidic or more alkaline, the enzyme activity drops to 0 as the active site denatures
    • what is the induced fit model
      it is where the enzyme changes its shape slightly as it binds to the substrate. The active site is complementary to the substrate