thermal energy

• thermal energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy in the particles that make up an object
• thermal energy can be added or removed
• solid is matter with a definite shape and definite volume
• solid- packed closely together, in a fixed location
• plasma - gas ionised by heat
• solid- vibrate in place
• solid- strong attractive forces
• liquid- matter that has a definite volume, but no definite shape
• liquid- particles are close together, but able to move/slide past eachother, allows fluid to flow freely
• liquid- particles faster than a solid but still close together
• liquid- waker attractive forces than solids
• gas- matter is no definite volume nor shape, spreads out to fill container
• gas particles are far apart
• gas- motion of particles are fast, moves freely
• gas- little or no attraction between particles
• When you add thermal energy to any of the 3 states, it expands.
• when you remove thermal energy from any of the three states, it contracts.
• If you add enough thermal energy to a state, eventually it will be expanded to the next state
• if you remove enough thermal energy, eventually there will be a contracted phase change
• thermal energy+solid--> eventually a phase change into liquid
• gas--thermal energy--> eventually into a liquid
• liquid--thermal energy--> eventually into gas
• melting- solid->liquid
• freezing- liquid->solid
• condensation- gas-> liquid
• evaporation- liquid->gas
• deposition- gas-> solid