p1 matter

• what was the ancient greeks theory of an atom?

  everything is made up of earth, air, water and fire
• what was democritus theory of an atom?

  atoms were small balls that couldn't be divided any futher. Nobody belived him because he has no evidence
• what was daltons theory of an atom?

  atoms were small balls that could't be divided any futher. His predictions matched well with evidence
• what was thompsons theory of an atom?electrons were discovered. Negative plums (elctrons) were surrounded in a positive cake mix evenly distributed
• what was rutherfords theory of an atom?

  negative electrons orbited a positive nucleus. He had millions of results.
• name 4 things about a solid atom

  fixed and regular arrangement, only vibrates strong bonds not much energy
• name 4 things about a liquid atom

  random arrangment with some touching randomly move medium bonds some energy
• name 4 things about a gas atom

  no arrangment freely move weak bonds lots of energy
• melting point is


  the temperatures where a material goes between solid and liquid
• boiling point is


  the temperature where a material goes between liquid and gas
• what 2 things can energy do in a substance:

  change the movement of the particles make or break bonds between particles
• specific heat capacity


  the energy required to raise the tempreture of 1kg of a substance by 1 degree
• high specific heat capacity -->


  doesn't warm up easily
• low specific heat capacity -->


  does warm up easily
• bonds that are made

  release energy
• bonds that are broken


  need energy
• specific heat latent is..


  energy required to change 1kg of a substance from 1 state to another
• what would happen if i added more energy to an object

  there will be more collisions at a faster speed making pressure increase and higher tempreture
• what would happen if i added less energy to an object

  there will be less collisons and the tempreture will decrease resulting in less pressure
• what are the 2 factors to increase pressure

  + decrease volume+ increase tempreature
• pressure is excerted ..

  whenever a force is applied over an area
• what is density

  how much mass per unit volume (how tightly matter is packed together)