NAV2

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Created by
Clark Robuza

Cards (20)

  • Time
    • Due to the rotation rate of our planet, a mean solar day is very close to 24 hours. (23 hrs. and 56 minutes)
    • Therefore, the globe which measures 360° in circumference and the corresponding meridians (lines) of longitude are divided into 24 time zones each approximately 15° in width.
  • Co-ordinated Universal Time
    • Co-ordinated universal time (UTC) was established as a universal standard time to be used for reference at any point on the earth.
    • It is based on Greenwich mean time (GMT).
  • Time and Longitude
    • If the prime meridian is to your east, you must subtract from UTC to find local time.
    • If the prime meridian is to your west, you must add to UTC to find local time
  • Time and Longitude
    • Mean solar day = 24 hours.
    • The sun travels through 360° of longitude in 24 hours.
    • Each time zone is one hour or 15° of longitude in width.
  • Example Question
    It is currently 1500Z. You are on the 60°E line of longitude. What is your exact LMT?
    60° x 4 mins = 240 minutes. 240 minutes/60 = 4.0 hours
    • You are on an east line of longitude which means the prime meridian is located to your west. This means you must add 4 hours to Zulu to find Local Mean Time.
    • 1500 + 4:00 = 1900 LMT
  • • It is currently 1300Z. The prime meridian is located 64° east of your position. What is your local time? 0844 Local Time
  • • It is currently 0900Z. You are on the 30°W line of longitude. What is your local time? 0700 Local Time
  • Use Of Charts
    • The VNC scale is 1:500,000, which means 1" on a VNC represents 8 statute miles on the surface of the earth. This chart is based on a Lambert Conformal Conic projection
  • How to choose an appropriate track – Cruising Altitude
    • Cruising altitudes are based on magnetic track in southern domestic airspace and true track in northern domestic airspace.
    • VFR cruising altitudes start at 3000’ AGL. Below 3000', direction does not matter.
  • How to choose an appropriate track – Fuel requirements
    Legal requirement for day and night
    • Day: Must land with 30 minutes worth of fuel at cruise power remaining
    • Night: Must land with 45 minutes worth of fuel at cruise power remaining
  • How to choose an appropriate track – Flight over water
    DA20 glide distance is 11:1
    This works out to 1.8nm/1000’ of altitude AGL.
  • How to choose an appropriate track – Types of Departures
    Different types of departures will affect the track as well.
    • Overhead departure
    ─ Climb to altitude overhead the airport then turn en-route.
    • En-route Climb Departure
    ─ Turn to intercept your track and climb en-route.
    • Geographic Point Departure (Set Heading Point)
    ─ Set heading at a distinct landmark.
  • A meridian of longitude runs ____________ and measures__________? 3
    1. North and South, North and South
    2. East and West, North and South
    3. North and South, East and West
    4. East and West, East and West
  • Time zones are approximately ____________ in width. 1
    1. 15° of longitude
    2. 24° of longitude
    3. 15° of latitude
    4. 24° of latitude
  • Select the correct option for determining Cruising altitude in the southern domestic airspace? 2
    1. True Track
    2. Magnetic Track
    3. Compass Heading
    4. There is no Cruising altitude when below 4000'
  • If you were on a VFR flight with a _______track of 270°, select the correct cruising altitude from the provided options. 4
    1. True, 5500' ASL
    2. Magnetic, 5500' ASL
    3. True, 6500' ASL
    4. Magnetic, 6500' ASL
  • Converting Headings
    • Converting between True, Magnetic, and Compass:
    • Add West variation; Subtract East variation
    • There is a saying to help remember whether to add or subtract Variation - "East is least, West is best", meaning subtract Easterly Variations and add Westerly Variations
  • What can be used on the VNC to measure distance? 1
    1. Meridians of longitude
    2. Parallels of latitude
    3. Meridians of latitude
    4. Parallels of longitude
  • When correcting for magnetic variation? 3
    1. Add variation when its East
    2. Subtract Variation when its West
    3. Add Variation when its West
    4. Don't need to do this unless above 3000'
  • What distance is ideal for selecting checkpoints? 3
    1. Every 5-10NM
    2. Every 10-15NM
    3. Every 15-20NM
    4. Every 20-25N