p8- forces in balance

• What are scalar quantities defined by?

  Magnitude only
• What does the term 'magnitude' refer to in physics?

  Size of a quantity
• Why does distance not indicate direction?

  Because it is a scalar quantity
• How does displacement differ from distance?

  Displacement includes direction
• How can a vector quantity be represented visually?

  By an arrow
• What does the length of an arrow represent in vector representation?

  Magnitude of the vector
• What does the direction of an arrow indicate in vector representation?

  Direction of the vector
• What are the characteristics of scalar and vector quantities?

  Scalar Quantities:

  • Have magnitude only
  • No direction

  
  

  Vector Quantities:

  • Have both magnitude and direction
• How is displacement calculated in a journey?

  • Measure distance
  • Specify direction
• What is a force?

  A push or pull acting on an object
• What are the two components of a force?

  Magnitude and direction
• What is the unit of force?

  Newton
• How can forces be categorized?

  Into contact forces and non-contact forces
• What are contact forces?

  • Forces that occur when two objects interact
  • The objects are physically touching
  • Examples include tension, friction, and air resistance
• What role does friction play when an airplane lands on water?

  It slows down the airplane
• How does air resistance act on a sky diver?

  It acts upwards against the fall
• What is the normal contact force?

  It is the upward force from a surface
• When does the normal contact force occur?

  When two objects are in direct contact
• What are non-contact forces?

  • Forces that occur when objects are separated
  • Examples include gravitational, electrostatic, and magnetic forces
• What is the gravitational force?

  It attracts objects to each other
• What is electrostatic force?

  Force between two charged objects
• What happens to objects with opposite charges?

  They experience an electrostatic force of attraction
• What happens to objects with the same charge?

  They experience an electrostatic force of repulsion
• What is magnetic force?

  Force experienced by objects in a magnetic field
• Why is gravity considered a non-contact force?

  Because objects do not need to touch
• What type of quantity is gravity classified as?

  A vector quantity
• Why is mass considered a scalar quantity?

  It has no direction
• What is weight defined as?

  The force acting on an object due to gravity
• What does the symbol lowercase g represent?

  The gravitational field strength
• What is the gravitational force on Earth at the surface?

  9.8 Newtons per kilogram
• How is gravitational field strength defined?

  Measure of force of gravity in a location
• What is the weight of a 1 kg object on Earth?

  9.8 Newtons
• What does it mean that weight is directly proportional to mass?

  If mass doubles, weight also doubles
• What is a calibrated spring balance also known as?

  Newton meter
• What is the gravitational field strength on the Moon?

  1.6 Newtons per kilogram
• How does the weight of an object change from Earth to the Moon?

  Weight decreases due to lower gravity
• What is the definition of center of mass?

  Point where weight acts on an object
• What are the key concepts related to weight and mass?

  • Weight is the force due to gravity
  • Mass is the amount of matter in an object
  • Weight depends on location; mass does not
  • Gravitational field strength varies by location
  • Weight can be calculated using: Weight = mass × gravitational field strength
• What are the differences between mass and weight?

  • Mass:
  • Scalar quantity
  • Measured in kilograms
  • Constant regardless of location
  • Weight:
  • Vector quantity
  • Measured in Newtons
  • Varies with gravitational field strength
• What is the resultant force?

  A single force replacing multiple forces