Med and post thigh

• The medial and posterior compartments of the thigh contain the muscles Gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, and obturator externus.
• The blood supply to the medial and posterior compartments of the thigh comes from the Profunda femoris artery and the obturator artery.
• The nerve supply to the muscles in the medial and posterior compartments of the thigh comes from the Obturator nerve.
• The action of the muscles in the medial and posterior compartments of the thigh is to adduct the thigh at the hip joint.
• The origin of the Gracilis muscle is the inferior ramus of pubis and the medial surface of the upper part of the shaft of the tibia.
• The insertion of the Gracilis muscle is the medial surface of the upper part of the shaft of the tibia.
• The nerve supply to the Gracilis muscle comes from the Obturator nerve.
• The action of the Gracilis muscle is to adduct the thigh at the hip joint.
• The origin of the Adductor longus muscle is the body of the pubis, medial to the pubic tubercle.
• Tibial nerve is the larger terminal branch of the sciatic nerve.
• The common peroneal (fibular) nerve has articular branches to the knee joint.
• The common peroneal (fibular) nerve winds laterally around the neck of the fibula and divides into two terminal branches: the superficial peroneal nerve and the deep peroneal nerve.
• The common peroneal (fibular) nerve is the smaller terminal branch of the sciatic nerve.
• The common peroneal (fibular) nerve has cutaneous branches which include the sural communicating branch and the lateral cutaneous nerve of the calf.
• The tibial nerve also has muscular branches to the gastrocnemius, plantaris, soleus, and popliteus muscles.
• The tibial nerve has cutaneous branches which include the sural nerve and is usually joined by the sural communicating branch of the common peroneal nerve.
• The tibial nerve has articular branches to the knee joint.
• The common peroneal (fibular) nerve also has a muscular branch to the short head of the biceps femoris muscle.
• The insertion of the Adductor longus muscle is the posterior surface of the shaft of the femur, just below the lesser trochanter.
• The nerve supply to the Adductor longus muscle comes from the Obturator nerve.
• The action of the Adductor longus muscle is to adduct the thigh at the hip joint.
• The origin of the Adductor brevis muscle is the inferior ramus of pubis.
• The insertion of the Adductor brevis muscle is the posterior surface of the shaft of the femur, just below the lesser trochanter.
• The nerve supply to the Adductor brevis muscle comes from the Obturator nerve.
• The action of the Adductor brevis muscle is to adduct the thigh at the hip joint.
• The origin of the Adductor magnus muscle is the inferior ramus of pubis, the ramus of ischium, and the ischial tuberosity.
• The insertion of the Adductor magnus muscle is the posterior surface of the shaft of the femur, just below the lesser trochanter.
• Tibial nerve in the lower third of the thigh ends by dividing into the tibial and common peroneal nerves.
• Popliteal vein is formed by the union of venae comitantes of the anterior and posterior tibial arteries, passing through the opening in the adductor magnus (adductor hiatus) to become the femoral vein.
• Semitendinosus muscle originates from ischial tuberosity, upper part of medial surface of shaft of tibia, and tibial portion of sciatic nerve, causing it to flex and medially rotate leg at knee joint, and extend thigh at hip joint.
• Semimembranosus muscle originates from ischial tuberosity, medial condyle of tibia, and tibial portion of sciatic nerve, causing it to flex and medially rotate leg at knee joint, and extend thigh at hip joint.
• Popliteal fossa is a diamond-shaped intermuscular space situated at the back of the knee, most prominent when the knee joint is flexed, with boundaries laterally: biceps femoris above and lateral head of the gastrocnemius and plantaris below, medially: semimembranosus and semitendinosus above and medial head of the gastrocnemius below, floor: popliteal surface of femur, posterior ligament of the knee joint, and popliteus muscle, roof: skin, superficial fascia, and deep fascia of thigh.
• Biceps femoris muscle originates from ischial tuberosity and head of fibula, and its nerve supply is tibial portion of sciatic nerve, causing it to flex and laterally rotate leg at knee joint, and extend thigh at hip joint.
• Contents of the Posterior Fascial Compartment of the Thigh include muscles Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and hamstring part of adductor magnus.
• Popliteal artery enters the popliteal fossa through the opening in the adductor magnus, as a continuation of the femoral artery, ending at the level of the lower border of the popliteus muscle by dividing into anterior and posterior tibial arteries.
• Sciatic nerve is the nerve supply to the Posterior Fascial Compartment of the Thigh.
• Branches of the profunda femoris artery supply the blood supply to the Posterior Fascial Compartment of the Thigh.
• Posterior division of the thigh supplies obturator externus and adductor part of the adductor magnus.
• The nerve supply to the Adductor magnus muscle comes from the Adductor portion of the Obturator nerve (hamstring portion comes from the sciatic nerve).
• The action of the Adductor magnus muscle is to adduct the thigh at the hip joint; the hamstring portion extends the thigh at the hip joint.