Biology

• What is the term for regulating internal body conditions?

  Homeostasis
• What system involves glands, hormones, and blood vessels?

  Endocrine System
• What are chemical messengers released by glands called?

  Hormones
• How do hormones travel in the body?

  They travel in the bloodstream
• What does the thermoregulatory centre contain?

  Receptors sensitive to blood temperature
• What happens when body temperature is too high?

  Blood vessels dilate and sweat is produced
• What occurs when body temperature is too low?

  Blood vessels constrict and shivering occurs
• What does ADH stand for?

  Anti-diuretic hormone
• What is the role of ADH in the kidneys?

  Makes kidney tubules more permeable to water
• What is deamination?

  Converting amino acids into ammonia
• What is the role of thyroxine?

  Stimulates basal metabolic rate and growth
• What does adrenaline do during stress?

  Increases heart rate for oxygen delivery
• What characterizes Type 1 Diabetes?

  Uncontrolled high blood glucose levels
• How is Type 1 Diabetes typically treated?

  With insulin injections
• What happens in Type 2 Diabetes?

  Body cells no longer respond to insulin
• What are common treatments for Type 2 Diabetes?

  Carbohydrate-controlled diet and exercise
• What hormone is produced by the pituitary gland to mature eggs?

  FSH
• What is the role of oestrogen in the menstrual cycle?

  Thickens uterus lining and inhibits FSH
• What hormone maintains the uterus lining?

  Progesterone
• What does LH do in the menstrual cycle?

  Releases the egg during ovulation
• What are the steps of IVF?

  1. FSH/LH given to mature and release eggs
  2. Eggs collected and fertilised artificially
  3. Fertilised eggs develop into embryos
  4. Implanted into mother's uterus
• What does the pancreas release to regulate blood glucose levels?

  Insulin and glucagon
• What is the effect of glucagon on blood glucose levels?

  Increases blood glucose levels
• What is the effect of insulin on blood glucose levels?

  Decreases blood glucose levels