LTM TYPES

• WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF LTM?

  episodic, procedural, semantic
• WHAT IS EPISODIC MEMORY?

  memory for events in our lives (time, place, people, objects, behaviours)
• WHAT IS PROCEDURAL MEMORY?

  muscle based memory for actions (skills and techniques)
• WHAT IS SEMANTIC MEMORY?

  memory for general knowledge (facts about the world)
• HOW ARE EPISODIC MEMORIES FORMED?

  through experiences
• HOW ARE PROCEDURAL MEMORIES FORMED?

  taught
• HOW ARE SEMANTIC MEMORIES FORMED?

  taught
• WHAT TYPE OF MEMORIES ARE EPISODIC?

  declarative
• WHAT TYPE OF MEMORIES ARE PROCEDURAL?

  non-declarative
• WHAT TYPE OF MEMORIES ARE SEMANTIC?

  declarative
• DECLARATIVE MEMORIES?

  can be consciously inspected
• NON-DECLARATIVE MEMORIES?

  cannot be consciously inspected
• ARE DECLARATIVE MEMORIES EASILY VERBALLY EXPLAINABLE?

  yes
• ARE NON-DECLARATIVE MEMORIES EASILY VERBALLY EXPLAINABLE?

  no
• WHAT TYPE OF MEMORIES REQUIRE CONSCIOUS EFFORT TO RECALL?

  declarative
• WHAT TYPE OF MEMORIES ARE MOST RESISTANT TO BEING FORGOTTEN?

  procedural
• WHAT TYPE OF MEMORIES ARE LEAST RESISTANT TO BEING FORGOTTEN?

  episodic, semantic
• WHERE ARE PROCEDURAL MEMORIES CONNECTED TO?

  basal ganglia + motor cortex
• WHERE ARE EPISODIC MEMORIES CONNECTED TO?

  frontal and temporal lobes
• WHERE ARE SEMANTIC MEMORIES CONNECTED TO?

  parietal and occipital lobes
• CASE STUDY EVIDENCE FOR LTM?

  Henry Molaison (HM) or Clive Wearing
• WHAT TYPE OF LTM DID CLIVE WEARING HAVE INTACT?

  procedural + semantic
• WHAT TYPE OF LTM DID HM HAVE INTACT?

  procedural
• WHAT TYPE OF LTM WAS DAMAGED IN CLIVE WEARING?

  episodic
• WHAT TYPE OF LTM WAS DAMAGED IN HM?

  episodic + semantic
• WHO CARRIED OUT THE EXPERIMENT ON HM?

  Milner
• WHAT WAS THE EXPERIMENT ON HM?


  tracing star in mirror
• WHAT TYPE OF SCANS ARE USED TO MEASURE BRAIN ACTIVITY?

  PET
• STRENGTHS?

  • research support
  • real world application
• WEAKNESSES?

  precise nature poorly understood
• RESEARCH SUPPORT?

  • HM (had procedural memory but not episodic)
  • PET scans
• REAL WORLD APPLICATION?

  allowed specific therapies to be developed for those with brain damage/ cognitive impairments
• WHO SUGGESTED THE THEORY OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF LTM?

  Tulving