russia- people

• Who is Tsar Nicholas II?

  Last Tsar of Russia and then end of the Romanov line. Was executed along with the rest of his family under the order of Lenin.
• Who is Tsarina Alexandra?

  Princess Alix had a german father but her mother was the youngest child of Queen Victoria of England. She married Nicholas and took the Russian name, Grand Duchess Alexandra Feodorovna.
• who is Prince Lvov?

  Prince Georgi Yevgenyevich Lvov was a wealthy aristocratic landowner who began his career as a lawyer and in 1905 joined the Constitutional Democratic Party (Kadets) and won the election to the first Duma. He became chairman of the Union of Zemstva in 1914 and leader of Zemgor in 1915. He became the head of the Provisional Government of Russia, after the Tsar's abdication, from March to July 1917. Although later arrested by the Bolsheviks, he escaped and lived out his days in Paris.
• who is Mikhail Rodzianko?

  A wealthy landowner who had joined the Octobrist party. He was elected chairman of the Fourth Duma, where he supported Russia's entry into the First World War and tried to serve the Tsar loyally. He was chosen as the head of the Duma's Provisional Committee, which set up the Provisional Government in 1917. He went into exile in November 1917.
• who is Aleksandr Guchkov?

  A wealthy Moscow businessman who became the leader of the Octobrist party. He became Minister of War and of the Navy in the Provisional Government of 1917 but resigned when his policy of continuing war until history was rejected by the Soviet in May. He supported the Whites in the Civil War and emigrated to Berlin in 1921.
• Who is Pavel Milyukov?

  An academic historian who founded the Constitutional Democrat (Kadet) Party in 1905. He became Foreign Minister in the 1917 Provisional Government but, along with Guchkov, was forced out in May over his support for 'war to victory'. He also supported the Whites in the Civil War, and emigrated to Paris when they were defeated.
• who is Aleksandra Kollontai?

  She came from an aristocratic background. She studied Marx, took part in the Bloody Sunday march in 1905 and joined the Bolsheviks in 1914. She was exiled but returned from USA in March 1917, only to be arrested after the July Days. In government, Kollontai fought for the simplification of marriage and divorce, losing some favour with Lenin, but she later became a prominent political figure under Stalin.
• Who is Leon Trotsky?

  Leon Trotsky was a Marxist revolutionary and theorist who played a key role in the Russian Revolution and the early Soviet Union. When returning to Russia in May 1917, he became a Bolshevik, chaired the Petrograd Soviet and organised the Military Revolutionary Commmittee which he used to plan the Bolshevik takeover in October. He became Commissar for Foreign Affairs. In 1929, he was expelled from the party by Stalin and murdered by a Stalinist agent in Mexico in 1940.
• who is victor chernov?

  Victor Chernov was a Russian politician and leader of the Socialist Revolutionary Party.
• Who is Stalin?

  Joseph Stalin was the leader of the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953.
• Who is grigorii zionviev?

  Grigorii Zinoviev was a Bolshevik revolutionary and a prominent member of the Soviet government in the early years of the Soviet Union.