B2

Created by

Sofia George

Cards (45)

When are artificial hearts used?
Used due to corinary heart disease, faulty valves, waiting for a transplant
What is health?
The physical and mental wellbeing of a person
What are the two types of diseases?
Communicable and noncommunicable
Defects in the immune system mean individuals suffer from...
Infectious disease, immune reactions caused by pathogens trigger allergies and asthma, leads to depression
what are the properties of a benign tumour?
Doesnt invade other parts of the body, contained in one area
What are the properties of a malignant tumour?
Spread to other tissues, growth of abnormal cells, grows secondary tumours
Other than lifestyle what is a risk factor for cancer?
Genetics, aging, environmental exposure, infections
What are four plant organs involved in the plant transport system?
Xylem, phloem, guard cell, root hair cell
Describe the process of transpiration
The evaporation of water from the leaves
Explain how roots are adapted to their function
Extension gives a large surface area to absorb water and minerals
Explain how xylem tissue is adapted to transport water and mineral ions
Vessels are strengthened by lignin and cell wall are waterproof
Explain how stomata and guard crlls control gas exchange and water loss
They can open to allow gas exchange and close to prevent water loss
What is translocation?
the movement of food molecules through the phloem tissue
Which plant tissue moves dissolved sugars?
Phloem Tissue
How is the phloem adapted to its function
it contains pores to allow dissolved sugars to move between cells
What happens to sugars moved by translocation?
They are either immediately used or stored
what are cells?
The basic building blocks of life
What are tissues?
A group of cells working together to carry out a function
what are organs?
A group of tissues working together to carry out a specific function
what are organ systems?
a group of organs working together to carry out a function
What is digestion doing?
Digestion kills pathogens and bactiera
What are enzymes made of?
They are made of large protein molecules
How do enzymes function?
The lock and key theory
What is the lock and key theory?
The lock and key theory is a model that explains how enzymes interact with substrates. It suggests that enzymes have a specific shape that fits perfectly with the shape of their substrates, similar to a lock and key fitting together.
What is an active site?
The region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.
What are enzymes?
Biological catalysts that speed up metabolic reaction
what is the starch test?
If the iodine goes blue/black the food has starch
What is the protein test?
Mix a sample of food with biuret solution and leave for 2 mins if it goes a pale purple colour it contains protein
What is the lipid test?
Mix a small sample of the food with 1cm cubed of ethanol in a dry test tube then pour ethanol into a test tube of cold water, if it goes milky white it contains lipid
What is the glucose test? 
mix a small sample of food and 3cm cubed benedicts solution into a boiling tube and heat in a water bath, if it gors a red brick colour it contains sugar
What is a dual circulatory system?
Blood enters the heart twice on each journey round the body
what does the aorta do?
The aorta takes blood away from the heart
Which blood vessels deliver oxygen to capillaries in the heart muscle?
Coronary arterie
What are three digestive enzymes?
Lipase, protease, amylase
What process is breathing?
Mechanical
What process is respiration (mitochondria)
Chemical
What are stents?
A tube inserted inside the artery to open it and make sure blood can pass through
What are statins?
drugs that lower blood cholesterol levels
What are the pros of stents?
Lowers risk of heart attack, fast recovery, effective for a long time
what are the cons of stents?
Risk of complications in surgery, infection, developing thrombosis near stent