Growth and Development

• Size is the best indicator of health
• Growth takes place in first 20 years of life
• Tactile (touch) is the most develop sense at birth
• Auditory is the last sense before dying
• Infants

  • Grows very fast
  • Oral
  • Amoral
  • Trust vs Mistrust
  • Solitary, Stranger Anxiety, Sensory Motor
• Signs ready for solid food

  • sits with support
  • teething
  • disappearance of extrusion reflex
• Pre-School theme: To try, to make, to play
• pre-school are fan of telling tall tales
• Pre-Conventional stage 2 is where pre-school learns morality from family, neighbors
• Oedipal complex is the son-mother attachment
• Electra complex is the daughter-father attachment
• Type of play for toddler : parallel
• Type of play of pre-school : associative/cooperative
• Type of play for infants: solitary
• Fear for infant: stranger anxiety
• Theme for toddler: Holding on and letting go
• The pattern of growth and development is predictable
• When the infant is able to lift the head before his torso off the bed is an example of cephalocaudal pattern of growth and development
• Heredity sets limit in growth and development
• Jean Piaget described how children learn
• Ball is the universal toy
• The total number of deciduous teeth is 4
• At 6 mos. the child is able to :

  • doubles birth weight
  • rolls over completely from back to tummy
  • sits with support
  • stranger anxiety
• At 1 mos. the child is able to :

  • lifts head for 15 deg
• At 2 mos. the child is able to :

  • rolls side to back
  • lift head at 30 deg
• At 4 mos. the child is able to :

  • lift head at more than 45 deg
  • rolls back to side
• At 8 mos. the child is able to :

  • stranger anxiety peaks
  • follows simple commands (wave goodbye)
• At 10 mos. the child is able to :

  • waves bye-bye
  • bring hands together
  • vocalizes 2 words
• At 12 mos. the child is able to :

  • triples birth weight
  • knows own name
  • with 4 pairs of deciduous teeth
• Psychosocial stage by Eric Erickson in Infant: Trust vs Mistrust
• Psychosocial stage by Eric Erickson in Toddler: Autonomy vs shame and doubt
• Psychosocial stage by Eric Erickson in pre-school: initiative vs guilt
• Psychosocial stage by Eric Erickson in school age: industry vs inferiority
• Psychosocial stage by Eric Erickson in adolescent: identity vs role confusion