opposition to the nazis

• Who is Maurice Bavaud?


  -Swiss theology student

  -french anti-communism group

  -attempted to assasimate Hitler in november 1938 at a Nazi parade
• Who was Georg Elser?


  -member of the red front fighters

  -attempted to assassinate Hitler and other high ranking Nazis on in November 1939

  -placed a bomb at the Munich beer hall
• Who were "the Swing Youth?" Or "Swingjugend"


  Students in Hamburg who challenged the nazi image of youth by growing hair and wearing banned clothes
• What did the Edelweiss Pirates do?


  -listened to non-German music

  -supported the allies

  -defied Nazi policies

  -graffitied anti Nazi messages
• How many Edelweiss pirates were hung?


  13 members were hung and the heads of the group were publicly hung in Cologne in November 1939
• What group of prisoners wore red triangles?

  Political prisoners - oppositions of Nazis, communists etc
• What group of prisoners wore pink triangles?

  Homosexuals
• Which pope issued a cyclical attack on the Nazi system in 1937?

  Pope Pius XI- he believed the Nazi government were holding the church hostile
• Who set up the Pastor's emergency league in the 1930s to oppose Nazi policies on religion?

  Pastor Martin Niemöller
• Who was the "roter Strosstrupp"?


  The SPD'S and KPD'S secret resistance group
• Who were known as the Navajos in Cologne?

  The edelweiss pirates
• What is opposition in Nazi germany?


  Openly defining the regime
• What is resistance in Nazi germany?


  active attempts to overthrow Hitler and the Nazis.
• What were most Germans views on the regime?

  many Germans welcomed the stability and economic growth an authoritarian regime brought.
• What is an authoritarian?

  A government that controls most aspects of people's lives
• Who led the confessional church?

  Pastor Martin Niemöller
• When was Martin Niemöller held in camps for?

  Between 1937 and 1945
• How many clergy's were sent to camps?

  800
• Who was Dietrich Bonhoeffer?


  was a protestant pastor and member of the confessional church who was linked to the 1944 bomb plot
• What was the 1944 bomb plot?

  The attempted assassination of Adolph Hitler on 20 July 1944. Bomb exploded at his headquarters in East Prussia.
• What was the popes 1937 message?

  'With Burning Concern' attacked Hitler as 'a mad prophet with repulsive arrogance' and was read in every Catholic Church.
• What did The Catholic Archbishop von Galen do?


  he led a successful campaign to end euthanasia of mentally-disabled people
• How many German Catholic priests were imprisoned in Dachau for opposition?


  400
• How many Edelweiss Pirates were arrested in 1944?

  Over 700
• Who was the main youth opposition group?

  Edelweiss Pirates
• Who did the Edelweiss Pirates kill in 1944 and how did the Nazis respond

  Some of the cologne pirates killed the

  Gestapo chief, so the Nazis publicly hanged 12 of them.
• Who formed the white rose group?

  students at Munich University in 1943 - Hans and Sophie Scholl
• How did the White Rose Group oppose the Nazis?

  -published anti-Nazi leaflets

  -marched through the city in protest at Nazi policies
• How did the Nazis respond to the white rose group.

  Hans and Sophie Scholl, were arrested to and sentenced to the guillotine.
• Where did the most persistent and wide spread opposition come from?

  The workers
• How did the workers resist?

  -helped by communists

  -posted anti-Nazi posters and graffiti

  - organised strikes
• What did workers strike for?

  over high food prices in 1935 and during the Berlin Olympics in 1936.
• Who were the Nazis main political opponents?

  Socialists and communists
• What did socialists and communists want?

  Socialists - democracy

  Communist- a revolution
• How did the Nazis deal with Dietrich Bonhoeffer?

  In April 1943 he was arrested and held in a camp before being killed their in April 1945
• What was the Kriesau circle?

  A group of army generals, intellectuals and officials who began to dislike the Nazi policies.
• What are the differerent levels of opposition

  1- General grumbling and moaning

  2- Passive resistance (refusing to salute)

  3- Open resistance (white rose group, Christian opposition)

  4- Organised active protest (assassination attempts, kriesau circle)
• Treblinka uprising 1943


  15 guards killed, 150 prisoners escaped