FERMENTATION

• occurs after glycolysis only if oxygen is not present
• can go into fermentation or anaerobic respiration
• anaerobic respiration was used in ancient organisms

  elements like sulfur

  other element as the final electron acceptor
• two types of fermentation: alcoholic and lactic acid
• Alcoholic fermentation is used in brewing wine and beer and in backing
• alcoholic fermentation: 2 carbons at the end
• Alcoholic- looses a carbon in CO2

  NADH is oxidized to NAD+
• Lactic acid fermentation: three carbons at the end
• Lactic acid fermentation is used in making things like cheese and yogurt + in our muscle cells for a very short amount of time- heavy lifting
• In lactic acid fermentation NADH is oxidized to NAD+ as well (it gains a little energy)
• Lactate that is made is full of energy
• facultative anaerobes have options, fermentation