Isoniazid

• Isoniazid can be used on its own to treat latent infections and as prophylaxis
• Isoniazid can be administered orally or parenterally.
• Isoniazid inactivates enzymes associated with mycolic acid synthesis, and mycolic acid is needed to build bacterial cell walls.
• Side effects of Isoniazid include

  • rash,
  • fever,
  • drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus
  • vitamin B6 deficiency -> anemia, peripheral neuropathy
• Pyridoxine is also useful as an antidote in case of overdose with isoniazid, which can cause seizures, anion gap metabolic acidosis, and coma.