BIO Fall 2023

• Domain Bacteria:

  • prokaryotic
  • no organelles
  • fatty acids
  • 1-10μm
• Domain Archaea:

  • prokaryotic
  • no organelles
  • non-fatty acids
  • 1-10μm
• Domain Eukarya:

  • Eukaryotic
  • Organelles
  • Fatty acids
  • 10-100μm
• a bacterium duplicated its DNA and formed a daughter cell via binary fission
• Genetic Change in Bacteria:

  • Transformation- uptake of naked DNA
  • Transduction- phage (bacterial specific virus) mediated uptake of DNA
  • Conjugation- uptake of DIVA that requires the interaction of two bacteria
• Protist: A single-celled organism that is not a plant, animal, or fungus.
• Endosymbiosis: where one organism lives inside the other
• Characteristics common to land plants:

  • adapted to living on land
  • all stages of reproduction must be protected from the drying effects
  • autotrophs
  • eukaryotic cells
  • cells walls made of cellulose
  • contains chlorophyll and other accessory pigments for photosynthesis
  • store excess carbohydrates as starch
• Evolution and Distinctive Features of Fungi:

  • eukaryotes
  • heterotrophs
  • "digest" food outside of their bodies
  • cell walls made of chitin
  • storage carbohydrate is glycogen
  • produce spores