Prokaryote vs Eukaryote

• Prokaryotic - no nucleus, no membrane bound organelles, no membrane bound organelles
• Eukaryotic - Cells with a nucleus and membrane bound organelles.
• Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have ribosomes but they are different sizes.
• Prokaryotes have small subunits while eukaryotes have large subunits.
• Prokaryotic - "before a nucleus"
• Eukaryotic - "possessing a true nucleus"
• Similarities:

  • DNA
  • Plasma membrane
  • Cytoplasm
  • Ribosomes
• Differences:

  • Prokaryotes have no nucleus
  • Prokaryotes have a nucleoid
  • Eukaryotes DNA is liner, Prokaryotes DNA is circular
  • Eukaryotes DNA is complex, with histones
  • Prokaryotes DNA has no histones ("naked")
  • Eukaryotes contain multiple chromosomes, Prokaryotes contain 1 DNA molecule
• Differences in Ribosomes:

  • Eukaryotic - 80s (larger)
  • Prokaryotic - 70s (smaller)
• Differences in Cytoplasm:

  • Eukaryotic - contains large complex organelles, more space
  • Prokaryotic - contains no membrane organelles
• Phospholipids:

  • Hydrophilic head
  • Hydrophobic tail