UK in the 21st Century

• What does population density refer to?

  Number of people living in a given area
• Which UK city has a population density of approximately 5500 people per km²?

  London
• Where are population densities also high besides in cities?

  Areas near major cities or clusters of cities
• Which regions in the UK have low population densities?

  Mountainous regions, north England, and west Wales
• What is the population density in Eden, Cumbria?

  About 24 people per km²
• What problems can high population density cause?

  • Shortage of available housing
  • Pressure on services such as health care and schools
• What is the impact of a housing shortage on house prices?

  Drives up the price of houses
• What can pressure on health care services lead to in densely populated areas?

  Long waiting lists to see doctors
• What can pressure on school services lead to in densely populated areas?

  Children attending school far from home
• Where in the UK is rainfall generally high?

  North and west of the UK
• What is the average annual rainfall in Aultbea, northwest Scotland?

  1470 mm
• Where in the UK is rainfall generally lower?

  South and east of the UK
• What is the average annual rainfall in London?

  560 mm
• How does rainfall tend to vary between coastal and inland areas?

  Higher in coastal areas than inland
• How does rainfall vary with elevation?

  Higher in areas of higher elevation
• What can cause water stress in areas with high population density?

  Low rainfall and high resource use
• Which city in the UK experiences severe water stress?

  London
• What percentage of the UK is agricultural land?

  About 70%
• Where is arable farming more common in the UK?

  South and east of the country
• Where is grazing animals more common in the UK?

  North and west of the country
• What percentage of the UK is built on?

  Less than 10%
• Where are buildings concentrated in the UK?

  Large urban areas
• Approximately what percentage of the UK land is forest?

  About 11%
• Where in the UK are areas left in a fairly natural state?

  North Scotland
• What was the UK's population in 2001?

  About 59 million
• What was the UK's population in 2015?

  About 65 million
• What has happened to the population growth rate since 2011?

  Slowed down
• What are population pyramids used to show?

  Population structure
• Which age group had the highest number of people in the UK in 2001?

  30-39 age group
• Why was the 30-39 age group the largest in 2001?

  High birth rates in the 1960s
• Which age group had the highest number of people in the UK in 2015?

  40-49 age group
• Why did the 40-49 age group become the largest by 2015?

  1960s 'baby boom' generation got older
• What contributed to the increase in the number of people aged 20-29 between 2001 and 2015?

  Increasing numbers of young migrants
• What does the increase in the percentage of people aged over 19 show?

  UK's population is getting older
• What does DTM stand for?

  Demographic Transition Model
• What does the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) show?

  How a country's population is likely to change
• What happens to birth and death rates at stage 1 of the DTM?

  Both are high
• What happens to the death rate as a country develops?

  It falls
• What happens to the birth rate over time in the DTM?

  Birth rate falls
• What has happened to birth and death rates in the UK over the past 300 years?

  Both have fallen