HISTO LEC FINALS

    Cards (210)

    • What is the primary role of connective tissue?
      Support, protection, and structure
    • How does connective tissue aid in tissue repair?
      By facilitating the transport of nutrients
    • Which organ has the most connective tissue?
      Skin
    • What are the major classes of connective tissues?
      Proper, cartilage, bone, blood
    • What is the function of fat in connective tissue?
      Insulation and fuel storage
    • How do bones, tendons, and cartilage function in the body?
      They bind, support, and protect organs
    • What is mesenchyme?

      A type of loose connective tissue
    • What distinguishes connective tissues from other tissue types?
      Common origin, vascularity, extracellular matrix
    • What is the extracellular matrix composed of?
      Ground substance and protein fibers
    • What role do proteoglycans play in connective tissue?
      Provide hydration and swelling pressure
    • What are the three main types of fibers in connective tissue?
      Collagen, elastic, reticular fibers
    • What is the function of collagen fibers?
      Provide tensile strength and resist stretching
    • Where are collagen fibers found abundantly?
      Tendons, ligaments, skin, cartilage, bone
    • What happens when collagen is injected into the skin?
      Restores volume and smooths wrinkles
    • Why are collagen injections not permanent?
      Injected collagen is gradually absorbed
    • What is scleroderma?
      A condition of excessive collagen production
    • What are elastic fibers made of?
      Elastin and fibrillin
    • What is the function of elastic fibers?
      Allow tissues to return to original shape
    • Where are elastic fibers found?
      Blood vessels, skin, and lungs
    • What is Marfan Syndrome?
      A mutation affecting elastic fibers
    • What are the symptoms of Cutis Laxa?

      Loose, sagging skin and respiratory issues
    • What are reticular fibers made of?
      Collagen type III
    • What is the function of reticular fibers?

      Provide structural support and networks
    • Where are reticular fibers found?
      Spleen, liver, lymph nodes, bone marrow
    • What are resident cells in connective tissue?
      Permanent cells producing the extracellular matrix
    • What do fibroblasts do?
      Synthesize collagen and elastic fibers
    • What is the role of adipocytes?
      Store energy and provide insulation
    • What do chondroblasts produce?
      Cartilage matrix including collagen
    • What is the function of osteoblasts?
      Produce bone matrix and initiate mineralization
    • What do mast cells release?
      Histamine and inflammatory mediators
    • What triggers mast cell degranulation?
      Binding of allergens to IgE antibodies
    • What is anaphylactic shock?
      A severe allergic reaction
    • What is the emergency treatment for anaphylactic shock?
      Epinephrine injection
    • What do mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into?
      Various connective tissue cells
    • What are macrophages responsible for?

      Phagocytosing debris and pathogens
    • What do plasma cells produce?
      Antibodies for immune defense
    • What is the characteristic feature of plasma cells?

      Clock-face nucleus
    • What is the process of antibody production by plasma cells?
      Involves key immune cells and cytokines
    • What do antihistamines help reduce?
      Symptoms like swelling and itching
    • What is the role of steroids in inflammation?
      They reduce long-term inflammation and prevent recurrence
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