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Hydrometeorological Hazards
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Chirexz
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Cards (77)
What is a typhoon?
A
severe
weather disturbance with strong
winds
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Where does a typhoon typically form?
In the
northwestern
Pacific Ocean
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What is the wind speed of a tropical depression?
Up to 62 kph
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What wind speed defines a tropical storm?
63-118 kph
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What is the wind speed of a typhoon?
Greater than
118 kph
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What is a super typhoon?
A typhoon with wind speed exceeding
220
kph
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What does the term "typhoon" derive from?
The Chinese term "
Tai Fung
"
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What does "ta" and "fung" mean in Chinese?
"
Ta
" means
big
and "
fung
" means
wind
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What is the local term for typhoon in the Philippines?
Bagyo
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What significant event occurred in Baguio City in 1911?
A tropical cyclone dropped
2200 mm
of rainfall
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What are tropical cyclones characterized by?
Rapid
rotation
and formation over
tropical oceans
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What is the second-most dangerous natural hazard?
Tropical cyclones
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What is the eye of a cyclone?
The
calm
center with light winds and clear skies
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What is the diameter of the eye of a cyclone?
30-50
km
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What is the eyewall of a cyclone?
The most
intense
part with strongest winds
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What do rainbands do in a cyclone?
Bring
heavy
rain and strong winds
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How does a tropical cyclone form?
Warm
ocean water
heats air, causing it to rise
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What role does the Coriolis effect play in cyclones?
It causes the system to spin
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What are the damages caused by typhoons?
Building damage
, floods, and economic disruption
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What positive effects do typhoons have?
Replenish
groundwater
and support flora
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What is indicated by a rapid drop in atmospheric pressure?
Rising air leading to
storms
and rain
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What does heavy rainfall signal?
The approach of a
typhoon
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What happens to sea levels during a typhoon?
They rise due to
storm surges
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What is the "eye of the storm"?
A brief period of calm during a
typhoon
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What measures can mitigate typhoon effects?
Identifying
high-risk
areas and
regulations
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Why are strict land use regulations important?
To ensure structures withstand
typhoons
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What is the benefit of effective forecasting?
Provides early warnings for
evacuations
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What is a storm surge?
An
abnormal
rise in sea level during storms
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What causes storm surges?
Strong
winds
and low
atmospheric
pressure
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How does storm intensity affect storm surges?
Stronger
winds create higher storm surges
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What is the pressure effect on storm surges?
Low pressure reduces weight on
ocean surface
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How does the size of a storm influence storm surges?
Larger storms push more water toward coast
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What is the effect of storm forward speed on surges?
Faster
storms cause
rapid
surges
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How does the angle of approach affect storm surges?
Direct hits create higher surges than
parallel
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What is the Coriolis effect's influence on storm surges?
It affects surge strength based on
storm path
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How does rainfall affect storm surges?
It worsens flooding by increasing
runoff
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What coastal geometry amplifies storm surges?
Shallow
,
concave
, or
funnel-shaped
coastlines
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How does timing affect storm surge impact?
High tide
increases flooding from surges
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What is the purpose of prediction and hazard mapping?
To predict
storm surges
and aid planning
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What are barriers in storm surge management?
Structures that prevent
inland flooding
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