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• In the context of communication, information is what is being transmitted from the sender to the receiver.
• Information is data that is processed or organized in a way that it can be understood and utilized.
• Information allows for decision-making, problem-solving, and communication.
• The primary purpose of information is to reduce uncertainty about a particular situation or condition.
• Weather Forecast provides information about the weather conditions, helping people to plan their day.
• The entropy of a dice toss is represented as 𝑥 = -1/6 * log2(1/6) = -6/16 * log2(1/6) = -2/3 * log2(1/6).
• The probability of a dice toss is represented as {1,2,3,4,5,6}.
• The probability of each outcome in a dice toss is equal, represented as 𝑃1 = 𝑃2 = 𝑃3 = 𝑃4 = 𝑃5 = 𝑃(6) = 1/6.
• Traffic Updates give drivers information about road conditions, helping them choose the best route.
• Bit is the smallest unit of data in computing and digital communications, which can be either 0 or 1.
• Byte is a group of 8 bits, which can represent 256 different values.
• Text is represented using character encoding standards like ASCII or Unicode.
• Images are represented using pixels and color codes.
• Sound is represented using waveforms and sampling rates.
• Digital Data is quantized into discrete values, making it more resilient to noise and degradation.
• Analog Data is continuous and can represent a range of values, but is susceptible to noise.
• Clear and effective communication is essential in transmitting information accurately.
• Probability can also be represented as # trials and # outcomes.
• Probability can also be represented as # outcomes and # trials.
• Probability is a measure of the likelihood that a particular event will occur and plays a crucial role in Information Theory, helping to quantify information and uncertainty.
• Probability can be represented as # events and # outcomes.
• An event is a specific outcome or set of outcomes of a random experiment.
• Outcome is a possible result of a random experiment.
• Analog data is characterized by its continuous nature, representing a range of values without discrete steps.
• In the analog world, information is conveyed in a smooth and unbroken manner.
• Digital data, on the other hand, is discrete and quantized into specific values.
• Digital data is represented using a binary system (0s and 1s).
• Digital signals have distinct levels or steps, allowing for precise representation and manipulation of information.
• Analog data represents a theoretically infinite number of values.
• Analog data is considered more natural.
• Analog data is prone to signal degradation over long distances and is susceptible to interference and noise.
• Digital data is robust against signal degradation and noise.
• Digital data allows for error correction and data compression.
• Digital - to - analog conversion involves assigning analog values to the binary codes obtained during the encoding process.
• Reconstruction is the interpolation between quantized levels to recreate the analog signal.
• This step smoothens the transitions between discrete values, aiming to reproduce the continuous nature of the original analog signal.
• A filter is used to round off these sharp values.
• Resolution refers to the precision or detail in the representation of signal amplitudes.
• Reconstructed data have sharp steps not present in the original.
• Sampling Rate refers to the number of times analog data is measured within one second.