Physics 1

Cards (13)

Describe how an insulator may become electrically charged
Friction between insulating materials causes negatively charged electrons to be transferred
State the two types of energy that make up the total energy in a gas
Potential energy and kinetic energy
How to like charged react?
They repel
State 4 sources of background radiation
Natural: rocks and cosmic rays from space
Man made: fallout from nuclear weapon testing and nuclear accidents
How to differently charged objects interact?
They attract
What is radiation dose measured in?
Sieverts (Sv)
Attraction and repulsion are examples of which kind of force?
Non-contact
State 2 ways that nuclear radiations are used in medicine
Exploration of internal organs and
Control or destruction of unwanted tissue (often cancer)
Where is an electric field strongest?
Closest to the charged object
Define nuclear fission
The splitting of a large and unstable nucleus e.g. Uranium or plutonium
State the equation which links pressure and volume
Pressure x volume = constant
Sequence the steps in nuclear fission
Unstable nucleus must first absorb a neutron. The nucleus undergoing fission splits into two smaller nuclei, roughly equal in size, and emits two or three neutrons plus gamma rays. All of the fission products have kinetic energy. The neutrons may go on to start a chain reaction
Define nuclear fusion
The joining of two light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus. In this process some of the mass may be converted into the energy of radiation