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Psychology
Attachment
Romanian Orphan Studies - Institutionalisation
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Created by
Caitlin Walsh
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Cards (26)
What does institutionalisation refer to?
Living outside
family home
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What are the effects of institutionalisation?
Apathy
,
loss of identity
, and dependence
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What caused the Romanian orphan crisis in the 1990s?
Overpopulation
and
poverty
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What were the conditions like in Romanian orphanages during the crisis?
Poor
orphanage
conditions
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Who adopted many Romanian orphans?
British
parents
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What was the aim of the Rutter et al (2011) study?
Impact of care on recovery from
institutionalisation
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How many Romanian orphans were assessed in the Rutter et al (2011) study?
165
Romanian orphans
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At what ages were the Romanian orphans assessed in the study?
Ages
4
,
6
,
11
, and
15
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How many British adoptees were compared with the Romanian orphans in the study?
52
British adoptees
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What was a key finding regarding development at adoption?
Development
lag
at adoption
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How does recovery from institutionalisation depend on age at adoption?
Recovery
varies with age at adoption
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What was the mean IQ for children adopted before 6 months?
Mean IQ
102
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What was the mean IQ for children adopted between 6 months and 2 years?
Mean IQ 86
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What was the mean IQ for children adopted after 2 years?
Mean IQ
77
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What type of attachment was observed in late adoptees?
Disinhibited attachment
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What behaviors characterize disinhibited attachment?
Overfriendly with
strangers
,
clinginess
,
attention-seeking
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What was the sample size of the Bucharest Early Intervention Project?
95
institutionalised children
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What age range did the children in the Bucharest study fall into?
Age
12-31
months
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How many never-institutionalised children were compared in the Bucharest study?
50
never-institutionalised children
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What methods were used in the Bucharest study?
Strange Situation
and
caregiver
reports
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What percentage of the institutionalised group had secure attachment?
19%
of institutionalised group
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What percentage of the control group had secure attachment?
74%
of control group
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What percentage of the institutionalised group had disorganised attachment?
65%
of institutionalised group
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What type of attachment was more common in institutionalised children?
Disinhibited attachment
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What are the limitations of the Romanian orphan studies?
Romanian orphans not
typical
: poorer care
standards
Limited
generalisation
to other institutions
Lack of
adult data
: study stopped at age 15
Unclear
long-term effects
on relationships and employment
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What are the strengths of the Romanian orphan studies?
Real-life application: changes in orphanage policies
Use of
key workers
to foster attachments
Fewer
extraneous variables
, higher internal validity
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