socecon finals

• GLOBAL MEDIA SYSTEM is the medium to distribute ideas, information, values, beliefs
• culture is "That complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, laws, customs, any other capabilities and habits acquired as a member of society" (Tylor, 1871)
• CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT is shaped by social forces
• MASS MEDIA is the form of media which reaches broader sphere simultaneously
• how many forms of media and what are they?

  print media, broadcast media, new age media
• the oldest media are those printed in word or picture which conveys information through the sense of sight is what?


  print media
• what media is radio, tvs, films and sees internet as a threat?broadcast media
• what are various forms of electronic communication that is made feasible through the use of computer technology?

  new age media
• Media is a very powerful tool which can shape and influence human behavior
• what are the five conflicts between global and local (firat, 2017)?

  interdependence of local and global, negative imperialistic force, eradicates local identities, compelling uniformity of experience and culture, role of mass media in the globalization of culture is greatly affected by media messages from western countries
• the local and global are interdependent and cannot exist without each other
• culture tends to interact and merge
• what are the culture implications of globalization (pieterse, 2009)?

  cultural differentialism, cultural convergence, cultural hybridization
• which cultural implication is this "the world as one enormous ‘mosaic of separate cultures', unwavering differences between and among cultures, opposed to universal culture?


  cultural differentialism
• which cultural implication is this "Globalization as creating homogenisation, McDonaldization (Ritzer), Countries worldwide are emulating Western institutional ideologies (Meyer, 2009), Localization of global products, Globalization of local products"?

  cultural convergence
• which cultural implication is this "Multiculturalism as a result of globalization, Globalization as a creative process, Glocalization (Robertson, 1980)"?


  cultural hybridization
• what is glocalization?

  generates new cultural realities, postcolonial phenomenon, purity vs transculturation
• religion and globalization as shapers of social reality
• Bind together again that which was once bound but has since been torn apart or broken (Perry, 1998)?


  religare
• setting the sacred apart from the profane is the essence of all _?


  religious
• what are the functions of religion?

  establishing social cohesion, promoting social control, providing meaning and purpose, religion represents the collective life of society, religion enters a center of conflict in which religions become "more self conscious"
• ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF RELIGION?

  globalization promotes a pluralistic culture, dominant religions educate and teach values

  • Economically, when there is economic prosperity in a country, the main religions of those countries also grow
  • Politically, globalization encourages global political forums
  • Socially, religion benefited a lot from technological developments
• "globalization disrupts traditional communities and introduces a much more impersonal, larger organization" what does religion do?

  religion allows individuals to redeem their traditional sense of identity
• "Globalization promotes economic marginalization" what does religion do?


  religion acts as a cultural and social protection against globalization
• "globalization promotes material abundance rather than life over inner peace" what does religion do?


  religion gives them the sense of personal fulfillment and way to inner peace
• cultural identity is restricted to cultural and religious characteristics.... ?

  us vs them - division between group, theirs vs ours - contrast between what belongs to others and our own
• what is the disagreements due to differing religious beliefs (tension between groups)?

  religious conflicts
• what is the harmony and mutual respect among diverse groups?

  religious peace
• what is the conversations between people of different religions (foster understanding)?

  interfaith dialogue
• what uses religious beliefs for political gain or objectives?

  political instrumentation
• what shapes individuals or groups sometimes leading to division?

  religion as marker identity
• what separates religion from government and public affairs for neutrality in governance?

  secularism
• what terrorism case is when terrorism is linked to extreme interpretations of islam?

  islam extremist ideology
• what terrorist case is "aggressive pride in buddhism leading to discrimination and violence"?

  buddhist chauvinism
• what terrorism case is the movement to establish hindu based nation (Advocating exclusionary principles)?

  a call for hindu nation
• what is the terrorism case of forceful efforts by some christian groups to spread their beliefs, sometimes disregarding others' beliefs or cultures?

  contemporary christian crusades
• what reported that religious freedom is linked to peace, revealed no general causal relationship between conflict and religion, countries with greater religious freedom are more peaceful while those with less are usually less peaceful?

  institute of economics and peace (iep) 2014
• cities have been central to globalization process from earliest phases, shaping and being shaped by globalization forces
• describe FIRST CITIES?

  primitive way of life, movement (hunting and gathering), staying in one place, horticultural and pastoral
• what is the first city?

  Jericho