section 1 egypt

• a pharaoh is someone who ruled in ancient Egypt
• a line of rulers from the same family is a dynasty
• the oldest time period in ancient Egypt was known as the Old Kingdom
• mummies were dead people wrapped in linen to help preserve their bodies
• a person's afterlife is the time after their death
• pyramids were triangle shaped structures and acted as tombs for important people in ancient Egypt
• your spirit after you die was known as your ka
• monotheism is the belief in one god
• polytheism is the belief in more than one god
• the middle time period in ancient Egypt was known as the Middle Kingdom
• the last or most recent time period of ancient Egypt was known as the New Kingdom
• a regent is someone who takes the place of a ruler if they are unable to rule
• the gift of the Nile was the fertile soil on the river banks that allowed the Egyptians to grow crops
• Menes was a leader in Upper Egypt in the Old Kingdom
• amulets were gems that were important to one's soul
• the ankh is the egyptian symbol of life
• Osiris:

  • a god
  • green or blue skin
  • 1st mummy god of the underworld
  • originally connected with fertility
  • husband of Isis
  • father of Horus
  • brother of Seth
• Bastet:

  • a goddess
  • head of cat
  • goddess of pleasure
• Isis:

  • a goddess
  • protector of woman
  • sky goddess
  • throne on her head
  • wife of Osiris
  • mother of Horus
• Horus:

  • a god
  • head of falcon
  • god of sky
  • the pharaoh was his living form
  • son of Osiris and Isis
• Anubis:

  • a god
  • head of a jackal
  • protector of the dead
• Hathor:

  • a goddess
  • head of a cow
  • goddess of love and joy
  • daughter of Ra
• Ra:

  • a god
  • god of the sun
  • head of a hawk
  • most important god of them all
  • also know as Re
• mummification is the process of preserving bodies after they die
• hieroglyphics were the Egyptian way of writing and telling stories
• papyrus was a plant that grew by the Nile and was used to make paper
• The Rosetta Stone helped decipher hieroglyphics
• sphinxes were statues with the head of a pharaoh and the body of a lion
• an obelisk was a pillar with a pointed top
• the pyramids are tombs built as monuments to Pharaohs
• a mummy is an embalmed corpse wrapped in linen bandages