non-communicable disease b7

• Mutation


  A change in DNA
• non-communicable disease


  not spread from one host to another
• Cancer: A disease in which some body cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging the parts of the body around them.
• tumour


  abnormal dividing cells
• benigh: mild, not cancerous. divides slowly and unable to spread throughout the body. compresses + damaged organs
• malignant: cancerous. ability to multiply uncontrollably. invades healthy tissues and also split
• smoking is the biggest

  preventable cause of cancer
• chemicals in tobacco: smoke damage lining of arteries. fat builds up at the damage, making the artery smaller + increases blood pressure
• 3 main chemicals in a cigar: nicotine, tar, carbon monoxide
• nicotine


  addictive drug that creates sensation
• tar: sticky substance. makes lungs more likely to develop bronchitis and a carcinogen. damages DNA in cells of lungs
• Carsinogen


  causing cancer
• why is smoking bad for pregnant women: she carries oxygen for her baby so it needs to develop foetus & herself. can't grow properly w carbon monoxide
• when u have type 1 diabetes: you can't make any insulin
• insulin


  A hormone produced by the pancreas
• type 2 diabetes: lack of insulin to control blood sugar level/cells stop responding
• type 1 diabetes

  can't make insulin (a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood glucose levels)
• type 2 diabetes

  insulin you make either can't work effectively/can't produce enough of it
• in type 2 diabetes, your body either: don't make enough insulin to control your blood sugar level or your cells stop responding to insulin
• symptoms:

  peeing more than usual, feeling thirsty all the time, very tired, losing weight w/out trying, itching around penis/vagina
• treatments:

  eat well, moving more, emotional health, weight loss
• assosiated problems:

  heart disease, stroke, foot pain, kidney problems
• risk factors:

  obesity, family history, smoking, genetic tendency