U2: Hitosa, Ethiopia

• Location

  Ethiopia is in Eastern Africa and is landlocked. Hitosa is in S Ethiopia and is SE of Addis Abuka (capital city)
• Background:

  • HDI in 2017 = 0.463 (One of poorest in the world)
  • Low life expectancy
  • Low literacy rates
  • Low GNI
  • Little food and water
• This is the example for the local scheme in an LIC or NEE
• What is it?

  • 4000m up
  • Water travels down mountain via gravity in pipes to a low-tech filter which then transfers it to taps.
  • 140km pipes
  • 122 water points
  • 67,000 people supplied
  • 25L per day
  • 35 communities supplied
  • Over $1 million raised from charities
• Succeses:

  • Construction finished on time. (Soc)
  • Funded by charity. (Eco)
  • Managed by local communities = jobs. (Soc)
  • No misuse of funds. (Soc + Eco)
  • New jobs such as farming. (Soc + Env)
• Problems:

  • Too costly to replace after 30 year life span. (Eco)
  • Locals not educated about hygiene. (Soc)
  • Agriculture uses most of it. Less for people. (Soc)
  • Has caused major migration towards it = leads to population pressure and fighting. (Soc)
  • Now needs to supply 65,000 people. (Soc)