ALL

• The word communication comes from the Latin verb “communicare” which means “to share” or ‘to make something common”.
• Communication is a two-way process by which information is exchanged within, between, or among individuals through a common system of signs, symbols, and behavior.
• Communication is a process.
• Communication is a two-way process.
• Communication happens when an information source has a message and transmits it in the form of a signal through a channel.
• The concept of feedback is not part of Shannon and Weaver’s Model of Communication.
• Shannon and Weaver Model of Communication is a linear model that describes how a message is transmitted, rather than exchanged.
• Appreciative listening involves presentation, perception, and previous experience.
• Critical listening involves ethos (expertness and trustworthiness), logos (well-supported arguments), and pathos (emotional elements).
• The listening process involves the auditory system picking up stimuli, the receiver distinguishing a sound from other sounds, and the sense-making and assigning meaning to the stimulus in relation to the field of experience.
• Informative listening requires vocabulary, concentration, and memory.
• Empathic listening involves attending, supporting, and empathizing.
• Discriminative listening involves phonemic variation, emotional variation, and visual acts as listening.
• Wilbur Schramm’s Model of Communication includes the concept of feedback.
• The participants in Schramm’s model are called Encoder-Sender and Receiver-Decoder.
• The field of experience pertains to the totality of a communicator’s experiences and knowledge which affects the message formation (encoding) and interpretation (decoding).
• The overlapping of these circles denotes a start in conversation.
• A common system enables successful transmission of ideas within, between, or among communicators.
• Communication is a two-way process by which information is exchanged within, between, or among individuals through a common system of signs, symbols, and behavior.
• The Channel means, direction, or route of the message to reach the other participants in communication.
• Feedback is the response of the receiver (verbal or non-verbal) to the sources’ message.
• Communicative behavior as a psychological construct influences individual differences in the expression of feelings, needs, and thoughts as substitute for more direct communication.
• Signs are indicators or markers for something very specific, very concrete, and in general, unambiguous in meaning.
• In most situations, a person/human is both the Sender and the Receiver.
• Channels can function as conduits or pathways, enabling us to see and hear each other, or as modes of transmission or communication media, enabling us to communicate verbally or nonverbally.
• The Message consists of thoughts, feelings, ideas, attitudes, sentiments, etc.
• Symbols can have complex meanings and nuances that differ from one person to another depending on their experience, culture, upbringing, etc.
• The more the communicators interact with each other, the more information are exchanged, resulting in the expansion of their respective field of experiences.
• Communication happens “within, between, or among individuals”.
• Communication may involve different number of participants: intrapersonal communication, interpersonal communication, small-group communication, public communication, and mediated communication.
• Communication is done through a common system of signs, symbols, and behavior.
• Noise in communication is anything that blocks or interferes with the meaning of a particular message.
• Information Overload in communication occurs when someone is talking for an extended period, making it hard to keep track of every bit of information.
• Physical barriers in communication can be physiological or environmental, pertaining to the limitations of the human body or the surrounding environment.
• Context in communication refers to the interrelated conditions that affect how people understand the message.
• Social context in communication refers to the nature of relationship/s existing between or among the communicators, affecting the formality of interaction and how messages are formed, shared, and understood.
• Semantic noise in communication occurs when a receiver experiences confusion over the meaning of a source’s word choice.
• Physical context in communication includes the setting where the communication takes place, the time of the day, the environmental conditions such as temperature, lighting, noise level, etc, distance between or among the communicators, and so much more.
• Technology barriers in communication refer to the complexities that make the process of communication complex, such as poor audio quality or weak video signals.
• Cultural context in communication pertains to the beliefs, values, and norms shared with a large group of people.